Poster Session II (4:00pm-6:00pm)

POSTER · K1





Presentations

  • Atom Interferometer inside a Hollow-Core Fiber

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Wui Seng Leong

      Nanyang Technological Univeristy

    • Zilong Chen

      Nanyang Tech Univ, Nanyang Technological Univeristy

    • Mingjie Xin

      Nanyang Technological Univeristy

    • Shau-Yu Lan

      Nanyang Tech Univ, Nanyang Technological Univeristy, Nanyang Technological University

    View abstract →

  • Atom-chip-based interferometry with Bose-Einstein condensates

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Martina Gebbe

      ZARM, Uni Bremen

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    View abstract →

  • Towards enhanced gravimetry with an optical cavity.

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Wanderson Pimenta

      Univ Autonoma de SLP

    • Mario Gonzalez

      Univ Autonoma de SLP

    • Ma. Soledad Billion

      Physics Institute, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosi, Univ Autonoma de SLP

    • Alejandra Lopez-Vazquez

      Univ Autonoma de SLP

    • Georgina Olivares-Rentería

      Univ Autonoma de SLP

    • John Franco-Villafane

      Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, Univ Autonoma de SLP

    • Eduardo Gomez

      Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, Physics Institute, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Univ Autonoma de SLP

    View abstract →

  • Low phase noise system for gravimetry

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Mario Gonzalez

      Physics Institute, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí

    • Nieves Arias

      Physics Institute, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí

    • Vahide Abediye

      Physics Institute, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí

    • Eduardo Gomez

      Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, Physics Institute, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Univ Autonoma de SLP

    View abstract →

  • Design of an optical cavity for gravimetry

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Ma. Soledad Billion

      Physics Institute, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosi, Univ Autonoma de SLP

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • John Franco-Villafane

      Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, Univ Autonoma de SLP

    • Eduardo Gomez

      Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, Physics Institute, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Univ Autonoma de SLP

    View abstract →

  • Versatile Atom Interferometer using a Single Diode Laser

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Xuejian Wu

      University of California, Berkeley

    • Fei Zi

      University of California, Berkeley

    • Ryan Bilotta

      University of California, Berkeley

    • Jordan Dudley

      University of California, Berkeley

    • Holger Mueller

      Univ of California - Berkeley, University of California - Berkeley, UC Berkeley, University of California, Berkeley

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  • Theoretical analysis of atom interferometry using a modulated laser

    POSTER

    Authors

    • John Alexander Franco Villafane

      Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Lukewarm lithium recoil interferometer

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Eric Copenhaver

      University of California - Berkeley, UC Berkeley

    • Kayleigh Cassella

      University of California - Berkeley, UC Berkeley

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Holger Mueller

      Univ of California - Berkeley, University of California - Berkeley, UC Berkeley, University of California, Berkeley

    View abstract →

  • Development of an Atom Interferometer Gravity Gradiometer for Earth Sciences

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Akash Rakholia

      AOSense, Inc.

    • Alex Sugarbaker

      AOSense, Inc.

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    View abstract →

  • A large mode optical resonator for enhanced atom interferometry

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Ranjita Chanu Sapam

      LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research Univ., CNRS, Sorbonne Univ.

    • Nicolas Mielec

      LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research Univ., CNRS, Sorbonne Univ.

    • Isabelle Riou

      LP2N, Universities Bordeaux-IOGS-CNRS

    • Benjamin Canuel

      LP2N, Universities Bordeaux-IOGS-CNRS

    • David Holleville

      LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research Univ., CNRS, Sorbonne Univ.

    • Bess Fang

      LP2N, Universities Bordeaux-IOGS-CNRS

    • Arnaud Landragin

      LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research Univ., CNRS, Sorbonne Univ.

    • Remi Geiger

      LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research Univ., CNRS, Sorbonne Univ.

    View abstract →

  • Characterizing the potential profile of an atom trap using tomographic fluorescence imaging

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Edward Moan

      UVA

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Correcting for time-dependent field inhomogeneities in a time orbiting potential magnetic trap

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Adam Fallon

      University of Virginia

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Toward a precision force sensor based on Bloch oscillations of atoms in an optical lattice

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Robert Niederriter

      Univ of California - Los Angeles

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • A Cd$_{\mathrm{+}}$ microwave frequency standard based on dual-trap and sympathetic cooling.

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Yani Zuo

      Tsinghua Univ

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Updates on the NIST ytterbium optical lattice clock

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    Authors

    • Xiaogang Zhang

      National Institute of Standards and Technology

    • Roger Brown

      National Institute of Standards and Technology

    • M. Schioppo

      Institut fur Experimentalphysik, Heinrich-Heine-Universitat Dusseldorf, NIST

    • K. Beloy

      National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST

    • W. McGrew

      National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST

    • Robert Fasano

      National Institute of Standards and Technology

    • Daniele Nicolodi

      National Institute of Standards and Technology

    • Holly Leopardi

      National Institute of Standards and Technology

    • Tara Fortier

      National Institute of Standards and Technology

    • Andrew Ludlow

      National Institute of Standards and Technology

    View abstract →

  • Optical Atomic Clock for Fundamental Physics and Precision Metrology in Space

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Jason Williams

      Jet Propulsion Lab, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Frequency stability measurement of pulsed superradiance from strontium

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Matthew Norcia

      JILA, University of Colorado Boulder

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • A Fermi-degenerate three-dimentional optical lattice clock

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    Authors

    • Akihisa Goban

      JILA, CU Boulder

    • Sara Campbell

      JILA, CU Boulder, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, University of Colorado, Boulder

    • Ross Hutson

      JILA, CU Boulder, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, University of Colorado, Boulder

    • G. Edward Marti

      JILA, NIST, CU Boulder

    • Lindsay Sonderhouse

      CU, Boulder, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado Boulder

    • John Robinson

      CU, Boulder, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado Boulder

    • Wei Zhang

      JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado Boulder

    • Jun Ye

      JILA, NIST and the University of Colorado, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Boulder, JILA, NIST, CU Boulder, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado Boulder, JILA, NIST, University of Colorado, Boulder

    View abstract →

  • A clock transition in a solid-state system

    POSTER

    Authors

    • G. J. A. Edge

      University of Toronto

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • A. C. Vutha

      University of Toronto

    View abstract →

  • A compact apparatus for a two-photon optical clock

    POSTER

    Authors

    • S. Potnis

      University of Toronto

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • A. C. Vutha

      University of Toronto

    View abstract →

  • High precision measurement of T-symmetry violation in an atomic nucleus: Initial progress.

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Konrad Wenz

      Columbia University

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Improvements to the YbF electron electric dipole moment experiment

    POSTER

    Authors

    • B. E. Sauer

      Imperial College London

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Current results and future directions for an electron electric dipole moment search using molecular ions

    POSTER

    Authors

    • William B. Cairncross

      JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Design and Operation of the ATRAP Low-Inductance Ioffe Trap

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Eric Tardiff

      Harvard University

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Constructing a Laser Stabilization System for a Parity Non-Conservation Experiment with Francium

    POSTER

    Authors

    • A.C. DeHart

      Univ of Manitoba

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Progress Towards an Order of Magnitude Improvement on the Measurement of the Electron Electric Dipole Moment

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Daniel Ang

      Harvard University

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Future Improvements to the ACME Electric Dipole Moment Experiment

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Jonathan Haefner

      Harvard University

    • Daniel Ang

      Harvard University

    • Jacob Baron

      Harvard University

    • David DeMille

      Yale University, Dept. of Physics, Yale Univ., USA

    • John Doyle

      Harvard University

    • Gerald Gabrielse

      Harvard University

    • Nicholas Hutzler

      The department of Physics, Harvard University and Centre for Ultracold Atoms, Harvard University

    • Zack Lasner

      Yale University

    • Cole Meisenhelder

      Harvard University

    • Cristian Panda

      Harvard University

    • Adam West

      Yale University

    • Elizabeth West

      Harvard University

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  • Direct Observation of Topological Invariants using Quantum Walks

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Vinay Ramasesh

      Department of Physics, UC Berkeley

    • Emmanuel Flurin

      Department of Physics, UC Berkeley

    • Shay Hacohen-Gourgy

      Department of Physics, UC Berkeley

    • Leigh Martin

      Department of Physics, UC Berkeley

    • Irfan Siddiqi

      Department of Physics, UC Berkeley

    • N. Yao

      University of California, Berkeley, Department of Physics, UC Berkeley, University of California - Berkeley, Dept of Physics, U. of California-Berkeley

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  • Investigation of a driven fermionic system and detecting chiral edge modes in an optical lattice

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Frederik Gorg

      Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Discrete time-crystalline order in black diamond

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Hengyun Zhou

      Harvard University

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Long-range Prethermal Time Crystals

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Francisco Machado

      University of California -- Berkeley, University of California - Berkeley

    • Gregory D. Meyer

      University of California -- Berkeley, University of California - Berkeley

    • Dominic Else

      University of California - Santa Barbara

    • Chris Olund

      University of California - Berkeley, Univ of California - Berkeley

    • Chetan Nayak

      Station Q - Microsoft Research, University of California - Santa Barbara

    • Norman Yao

      Univ of California - Berkeley, University of California -- Berkeley, University of California - Berkeley, UC Berkeley

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  • Spin-orbit coupling in ultracold Fermi gases of $^{173}$Yb atoms

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Bo Song

      Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Few-body bound states near free-space $p$-wave resonances in the presence of single-particle spin-orbit coupling terms

    POSTER

    Authors

    • D. Blume

      Washington State Univ, Department of Physics and Astronomy Washington State University, Washington State University

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • New forms of spin-orbit coupling in a strontium optical lattice clock

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Michael Perlin

      JILA

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Ana Maria Rey

      JILA, NIST, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, JILA, JILA, NIST, and Dept. Phys, U. Colorado, Boulder, CO

    View abstract →

  • Studies of dressed states with coupling between spin and orbital-angular-momentum in a Bose condensate

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Yu-Ju Lin

      Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Observation of the supersolid stripe phase in spin-orbit coupled Bose-Einstein condensates

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Junru Li

      Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • One-body density-matrix characterization of many-body localization

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Fabian Heidrich-Meisner

      LMU Munich, Germany

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Modulational instability and its role in the formation of matter-wave soliton trains

    POSTER

    Authors

    • De Luo

      Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Rice University

    • Jason H. V. Nguyen

      Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Rice University

    • Randall Hulet

      Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston TX, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, Rice University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Center for Quantum Materials, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Center for Quantum Materials, Rice Univ

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  • Superradiance and dynamical instability in an illuminated BEC

    POSTER

    Authors

    • William Lunden

      MIT

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Designing an optical lattice trap for ions

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Matt Grau

      ETH Zurich

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Selfbound quantum droplets

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Tim Langen

      5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Manifestations of dipolar collisions in thermal and BEC gases of dysprosium

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Yijun Tang

      Stanford University

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Benjamin Lev

      Stanford University

    View abstract →

  • A quantum gas microscope for highly dipolar atoms

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Susannah Dickerson

      Harvard University

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Dipolar droplets in bosonic erbium quantum fluids.

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Lauriane Chomaz

      University of Innsbruck

    • Simon Baier

      University of Innsbruck

    • Daniel Petter

      University of Innsbruck

    • Giulia Faraoni

      University of Innsbruck

    • Jan-Hendrik Becher

      University of Innsbruck

    • Rick van Bijnen

      University of Innsbruck

    • Manfred J. Mark

      University of Innsbruck

    • Francesca Ferlaino

      University of Innsbruck

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  • Thermodynamics and Magnetism of the Fermi-Hubbard Hamiltonian 2D-3D Crossover

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    Authors

    • Rick Mukherjee

      Rice University, Rice Univ

    • Thereza Paiva

      Instituto de Fisica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro

    • Richard T. Scalettar

      University of California, Davis

    • Randall Hulet

      Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston TX, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, Rice University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Center for Quantum Materials, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Center for Quantum Materials, Rice Univ

    • Kaden R. A. Hazzard

      Rice University, Rice university, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University

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  • Probing inter-atomic correlations using excitation to high Rydberg states

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Jovica Stanojevic

      Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Adiabatic preparation of Rydberg crystals in a cold lattice gas: Influence of atomic relaxations

    POSTER

    Authors

    • David Petrosyan

      Inst of Elec Structure \& Laser, FORTH, Greece

    • Klaus Moelmer

      Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Denmark, Aarhus University

    • Michael Fleischhauer

      Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Univ. of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany

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  • Effect of atomic motion on Rydberg blockade in a hot atomic beam

    POSTER

    Authors

    • S. Yoshida

      Vienna University of Technology, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Vienna University of Technology, A-1040 Vienna, Austria, European Union

    • J. Burgdӧrfer

      Vienna University of Technology, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Vienna University of Technology, A-1040 Vienna, Austria, European Union

    • X. Zhang

      Rice University

    • F.B. Dunning

      Rice University, Department of Physics and Astronomy and the Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005-1892, USA

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  • Towards Rydberg dressing of a lithium Fermi gas

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Elmer Guardado-Sanchez

      Princeton University

    • Peter Schauss

      Princeton University

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Peter T. Brown

      Princeton University

    • Waseem S. Bakr

      Princeton University

    View abstract →

  • Toward Probing Many-Body Correlations in Ultracold Gases using Ultralong-Range Rydberg Molecules

    POSTER

    Authors

    • J. D. Whalen

      Rice University

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Symmetry-protected collisions between strongly interacting photons

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    Authors

    • Travis Nicholson

      Massachusetts Institute of Technology

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Blackbody effects in high-precision microwave spectroscopy with circular Rydberg atoms

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Stephen DiIorio

      University of Michigan

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • An ultracold potassium Rydberg source for experiments in quantum optics and many-body physics

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Charles Conover

      Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    View abstract →

  • Towards ultracold mixtures of lithium and strontium atoms

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Xiaobin Ma

      State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University

    • Zhuxiong Ye

      State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University

    • Liyang Xie

      State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University

    • Xiangliang Li

      State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University

    • Li You

      State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University; Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter

    • Meng Khoon Tey

      State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University; Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter

    View abstract →

  • New apparatus for the production of Fermi-Fermi mixtures of Dy and K

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Marian Kreyer

      Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Fermi Gas Microscopy of Potassium

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Fudong Wang

      Department of Physics, University of Toronto

    • Rhys Anderson

      University of Toronto, Department of Physics, University of Toronto

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Probing and studying homogeneous atomic Fermi gases

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Zhenjie Yan

      Massachusetts Institute of Technology

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Towards quantum information transport through a classical conductor

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    Authors

    • Da An

      Univ of California - Berkeley

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Investigating phonon-mediated interactions with polar molecules

    POSTER

    Authors

    • John Sous

      Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Quantum simulation using photons and room temperature atoms

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    Authors

    • Connor Goham

      State Univ of NY- Stony Brook

    • Mehdi Namazi

      Stony Brook University, Physics department, Stony Brook University, stony brook university, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook

    • Eden Figueroa

      Stony Brook University, Physics department, Stony Brook University, stony brook university, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook

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  • A Raman phase gate for $^{87}$Rb Bose--Einstein Condensates

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Joseph D. Murphree

      University of Rochester, Univ of Rochester

    • Maitreyi Jayaseelan

      University of Rochester, Univ of Rochester

    • Justin T. Schultz

      University of Rochester, Univ of Rochester

    • Nicholas P. Bigelow

      Department of Physics, The University of Rochester, NY 14627, USA, University of Rochester, Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Rochester, 206 Bausch and Lomb Hall, Rochester, NY 14627, USA, Univ of Rochester

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  • A high performance microfabricated surface ion trap

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Daniel Lobser

      Sandia National Labs

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • $^{\mathrm{133}}$Ba$^{\mathrm{+}}$: a new ion qubit.

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Justin Christensen

      Univ of California - Los Angeles

    • David Hucul

      Univ of California - Los Angeles

    • Wesley Campbell

      ucla, Univ of California - Los Angeles, UCLA, University of California, Los Angeles

    • Eric R. Hudson

      Univ of California - Los Angeles, University of California, Los Angeles

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  • Absolute Calibration of Analog Photodiodes with Correlated Twin Beams from Four-wave Mixing

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Meng-Chang Wu

      Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Visible-Wavelength Multi-Species Trapped-Ion Quantum Logic

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Colin Bruzewicz

      MIT Lincoln Laboratory

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Implementation of a Single-Shot Displacement Receiver for Quaternary Phase-Shift-Keyed Coherent States

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Matthew DiMario

      CQuIC - University of New Mexico

    • Francisco Becerra

      Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, CQuIC - University of New Mexico

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Improvement in T2* via Cancellation of Spin Bath Induced Dephasing in Solid-State Spins

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    Authors

    • Erik Bauch

      Harvard Univ

    • Connor Hart

      Harvard University, Harvard Univ

    • Jennifer Schloss

      Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Tech

    • Matthew Turner

      Harvard University, Harvard Univ

    • John Barry

      MIT Lincoln Labs, Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics

    • Ron Walsworth

      Harvard University, Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard Physics

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  • Linear optical quantum metrology with single photons -- Experimental errors, resource counting, and quantum Cram\'{e}r-Rau bounds

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    Authors

    • Nicholas Studer

      Louisiana State University

    • Jonathan Olson

      Harvard University

    • Keith Motes

      Macquarie University

    • Patrick Birchall

      University of Bristol

    • Margarite LaBorde

      Louisiana State University, Louisiana State Univ - Baton Rouge

    • Todd Moulder

      Louisiana State University

    • Peter Rohde

      University of Technology Sydney

    • Jonathan Dowling

      Louisiana State University

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  • Towards a quantum network of room temperature quantum devices

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    Authors

    • bertus jordaan

      Stony Brook University, Physics department, Stony Brook University, stony brook university

    • reihaneh shahrokhshahi

      Physics department, Stony Brook University, stony brook university

    • Mehdi Namazi

      Stony Brook University, Physics department, Stony Brook University, stony brook university, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook

    • connor goham

      Stony Brook University, stony brook university

    • Eden Figueroa

      Stony Brook University, Physics department, Stony Brook University, stony brook university, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook

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  • Preparation of Vibrationally Excited H$_{\mathrm{2}}$ in a Coherent Superposition of $M$-States Using Stark Induced Adiabatic Raman Passage (SARP)

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    Authors

    • Nandini Mukherjee

      Stanford Univ

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    View abstract →

  • Raman transition at motional sideband for a trapped ion using co-propagating pulsed lasers and a high NA lens

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Yeong-Dae Kwon

      Quantum Tech. Lab., SK Telecom

    • Seokjun Hong

      ASRI/ISRC and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Seoul National University

    • Minjae Lee

      ASRI/ISRC and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Seoul National University

    • Dongil Dan Cho

      ASRI/ISRC and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Seoul National University

    • Taehyun Kim

      Quantum Tech. Lab., SK Telecom

    View abstract →

  • Electron spin control and spin-libration coupling of a levitated nanodiamond

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Thai Hoang

      Purdue University

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Tongcang Li

      Purdue University

    View abstract →

  • Analysis of decoherence mechanisms in a single-atom quantum memory

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Matthias Koerber

      Max Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, Max Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, Hans-Kopfermann Str. 1, 85748 Garching

    • Stefan Langenfeld

      Max Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, Max Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, Hans-Kopfermann Str. 1, 85748 Garching

    • Olivier Morin

      Max Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, Max Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, Hans-Kopfermann Str. 1, 85748 Garching

    • Andreas Neuzner

      Max Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, Max Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, Hans-Kopfermann Str. 1, 85748 Garching

    • Stephan Ritter

      Max Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, Max Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, Hans-Kopfermann Str. 1, 85748 Garching

    • Gerhard Rempe

      Max Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, Max Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, Hans-Kopfermann Str. 1, 85748 Garching

    View abstract →

  • Manipulating trapped ions with ultrafast laser pulses to generate mesoscopic states and entanglement

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Steven Moses

      Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742

    • David Wong-Campos

      Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Two qubit gate operation using the frequency encoding technique

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Junghyun Lee

      Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Are strategies in physics discrete? A remote controlled investigation

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Robert Heck

      Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Toward Nanoscale Magnetometry of Van der Waals Heterostructures using Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers in Diamond

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Thomas Mittiga

      Univ of California - Berkeley

    • Satcher Hsieh

      Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Univ of California - Berkeley

    • Chong Zu

      Univ of California - Berkeley

    • Chenhao Jin

      Univ of California - Berkeley

    • Jonghwan Kim

      Univ of California - Berkeley

    • Bryce Kobrin

      Univ of California - Berkeley

    • Feng Wang

      Univ of California - Berkeley

    • Norman Yao

      Univ of California - Berkeley, University of California -- Berkeley, University of California - Berkeley, UC Berkeley

    View abstract →

  • Synthetic clock states generated in a Bose-Einstein condensate via continuous dynamical decoupling

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Nathan Lundblad

      Bates College

    • Dimitrios Trypogeorgos

      University of Maryland, College Park

    • Ana Valdes-Curiel

      University of Maryland, College Park

    • Erin Marshall

      University of Maryland, College Park

    • Ian Spielman

      NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology, and University of Maryland, University of Maryland, College Park \& NIST

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  • Rotational Doppler effect in third-harmonic generation from spinning molecules

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Ilya Sh. Averbukh

      Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot , Israel

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Rotational cavity optomechanics

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Wyatt Wetzel

      Rochester Inst of Tech

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • A superradiant laser integrated in a hollow-core photonic-crystal fiber

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Fereshteh Rajabi

      University of Western Ontario

    • Tae Hyun Yoon

      Institute for Quantum Computing, University of Waterloo, Instititue for Quantum Computing, University of Waterloo

    • Jeremy Flannery

      Institute for Quantum Computing, University of Waterloo, Instititue for Quantum Computing, University of Waterloo

    • Sreesh Venuturumilli

      Institute for Quantum Computing, University of Waterloo, Instititue for Quantum Computing, University of Waterloo

    • Michal Bajcsy

      Institute for Quantum Computing, University of Waterloo, Instititue for Quantum Computing, University of Waterloo

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  • High-repetition-rate setup for pump-probe time-resolved XUV-IR experiments employing ion and electron momentum imaging

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Shashank Pathak

      Kansas State University, Kansas State Univ

    • Seyyed Javad Robatjazi

      Kansas State University, Kansas State Univ

    • W. L. Pearson

      Kansas State University, Kansas State Univ, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506

    • Kanaka Raju P.

      Kansas State University, Kansas State Univ, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506

    • D. Rolles

      Kansas State University, JRML, Kansas State University, Kansas State Univ, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506

    • A. Rudenko

      Kansas State University, JRML, Kansas State University, Kansas State Univ, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506

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  • Filming nuclear dynamics of iodine using x-ray diffraction at the LCLS

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Matthew Ware

      Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Modeling Quantum Dynamics in Multidimensional Systems

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Kyle Liss

      Dickinson College

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Ultrafast photo-dissociation imaged with femtosecond gas electron diffraction

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Kyle Wilkin

      Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Non-Born-Oppenheimer dynamics in small molecules - connecting experiment and theory

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Kirk A Larsen

      University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Ultrafast Polarization Spectroscopy in Polyatomic Molecules

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Richard Thurston

      Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Measuring attosecond time-delays between dissociating vibrational states of D$_2^+$ using a two-color laser field

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    Authors

    • T. Severt

      Kansas State University, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    View abstract →

  • Time-resolved electron and ion imaging to investigate ultrafast structural dynamics in gas-phase halomethane molecules

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Farzaneh Ziaee

      Kansas State University, JRML, Kansas State University, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506

    • A. Rudenko

      Kansas State University, JRML, Kansas State University, Kansas State Univ, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506

    • D. Rolles

      Kansas State University, JRML, Kansas State University, Kansas State Univ, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506

    • E. Savelyev

      DESY, Germany

    • C. Bomme

      DESY, Germany

    • R. Boll

      DESY, Germany, DESY, Hamburg

    • B. Manschwetus

      DESY, Germany

    • B. Erk

      DESY, Germany, DESY, Hamburg

    • S. Trippel

      DESY, Germany

    • J. Wiese

      DESY, Germany

    • J. Kupper

      DESY, Germany

    • K. Amini

      University of Oxford, UK

    • J. Lee

      University of Oxford, UK

    • M. Brouard

      University of Oxford, UK

    • F. Brausse

      Max-Born-Inistitute, Germany

    • A. Rouzee

      Max-Born-Inistitute, Germany

    • P. Olshin

      St. Petersburg State University, Russia

    • A. Mereshchenko

      St. Petersburg State University, Russia

    • J. Lahl

      Lund University, Sweden

    • P. Johnsson

      Lund University, Sweden

    • Marc Simon

      LCPMR, France, CNRS

    • T. Marchenko

      LCPMR, France, UPMC Paris

    View abstract →

  • Femtosecond Time-Resolved Photoelectron Imaging of Excited Doped Helium Nanodroplets

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Catherine Saladrigas

      University of California Berkeley

    • Camila Bacellar

      University of California Berkeley

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Daniel M. Neumark

      University of California Berkeley

    • Oliver Gessner

      Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

    View abstract →

  • Positronium formation from C$_{\mathrm{60}}$

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Paul-Antoine Hervieux

      Universite de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut de Physique et Chimie des Materiaux de Strasbourg, France

    • Anzumaan Chakraborty

      Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA

    • Himadri Chakraborty

      Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA

    View abstract →

  • Spectral Resolution of Resonant Positron-Molecule Annihilation due to Multimodes.

    POSTER

    Authors

    • J. R. Danielson

      University of California, San Diego

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Quantum Chemistry and Non-equilibrium Thermodynamics in an Atom-Ion Hybrid Trap

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Michael Mills

      Univ of California - Los Angeles

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Towards Laser Controlled Generation of Rydberg State, One-Electron Ions

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Joan Dreiling

      National Institute of Standards and Technology

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Fully differential study on projectile coherence effects in ionization of helium by protons

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Sachin Sharma

      Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Schulz

      Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech

    View abstract →

  • Analytic descriptions of ultracold electron-atom collisions

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Bo Gao

      Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, Mailstop 111, Toledo, Ohio 43606, USA, University of Toledo

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Monitoring GaAs photocathode heat cleaning temperature

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Nathan Clayburn

      University of Nebraska- Lincoln

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Elastic scattering of electrons and positrons by Pb atoms

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Bidhan Saha

      Department of Physics, Florida A\&M University, Tallahassee, FL-32307.

    • A. K. Basak

      Department of Physics, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh

    • M. A. Uddin

      Department of Physics, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh

    • A. K. F. Haque

      Department of Physics, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh

    • M. I. Hossain

      Department of Physics, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh

    • M. M. Haque

      Department of Physics, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh

    • M. A. R. Patoary

      Department of Physics, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh

    • M. Maaza

      University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa

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  • Laser Spectroscopy of $^{176}\mathrm{Lu}^{+}$

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Rattakorn Kaewuam

      Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 2, 117543 Singapore

    • Arpan Roy

      Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 2, 117543 Singapore, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore

    • Kyle Arnold

      Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 2, 117543 Singapore, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore

    • Murray Barrett

      Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 2, 117543 Singapore, Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore

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  • Photoelectron Angular Distributions of Rotationally Resolved Autoionizing States of Molecular Nitrogen

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Alexander M. Chartrand

      Bryn Mawr College

    • Ugo Jacovella

      ETH Zürich

    • David M. P. Holland

      STFC Daresbury Laboratory

    • Berenger Gans

      CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, and Université Paris-Saclay

    • Stephen T. Pratt

      Argonne National Laboratory

    • Laurent Nahon

      Synchrotron Soleil

    • Gustavo A. Garcia

      Synchrotron Soleil

    • Xiaofeng Tang

      Chinese Academy of Sciences

    • Elizabeth McCormack

      Bryn Mawr College

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  • Hyperfine Structure of the B State and Predictions of Optical Cycling Behavior of the X-B transition in TlF

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Eric Norrgard

      Yale University

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Analysis of monochromatic and quasi-monochromatic X-ray sources in imaging and therapy

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Maximillian Westphal

      The Ohio State University

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

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  • Characterizing Radiation Trapping Effects in Precision Measurements of Atomic Excited State Lifetimes

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Brian Patterson

      United States Air Force Academy

    • Jerry Sell

      US Air Force Academy, United States Air Force Academy

    • Alina Gearba

      United States Air Force Academy

    • Jeremiah Wells

      US Air Force Academy, United States Air Force Academy

    • Derald Madson

      United States Air Force Academy

    • Randy Knize

      US Air Force Academy, United States Air Force Academy

    • Stephen Spicklemire

      University of Indianapolis

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  • Optogalvanic spectroscopy of lanthanum hyperfine structure

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Amanda Nelson

      Denison University

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Steven Olmschenk

      Denison University

    View abstract →

  • Precise lifetime of the metastable $^{\mathrm{2}}$P$_{\mathrm{1/2}}$ state in Ar$^{\mathrm{9+}}$ ions isolated in a Penning trap

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Joseph Tan

      NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech

    • Samuel Brewer

      Univ. of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, NIST, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)

    • J.M. Dreiling

      National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg MD, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, NIST

    • Shannon Hoogerheide

      NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech

    • Nicholas Guise

      NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech

    • Aung Naing

      Univ. of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716

    View abstract →

  • Observation and analysis of high-lying singlet gerade states of rubidium dimer

    POSTER

    Authors

    • Phillip Arndt

      Temple University

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Michael Messer

      MPI of Quantum Optics, Middlebury College, Vienna University of Technology, Purdue University, Rice University, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Shanxi University, Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel, Coll\`ege de France, CNRS, ENS, PSL Research University, UPMC, Sorbonne Universit\'es, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn; Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, University of Trento, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Barcelona, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Cornell Univ, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, National Tsing Hua University, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, National Science Foundation, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland Department of Physics, College Park, Maryland 20742, NIST-Boulder, Sandia National Labs, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNLV, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, University of Vienna, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Wien, Austria, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117 Magyar, Hungary, The Ohio State University, Center for Computation and Technology / Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics, University of Virginia, LBNL, Auburn, UN-Reno, U-Frankfurt, KSU, University of Ulm, University of Hannover, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University;Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Toledo, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, ETH Zurich, JILA, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, UNM Center for High Technology Materials, Helmholtz Institut Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg Universitat Mainz, ODMR Technologies Inc., Harvard University, Stanford University, Stanford University and University of Washington, University of Chicago, University of Maryland, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Oklahoma, Colby College, University of California, Berkeley, University of British Columbia, Beloit College, LLNL, State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai, LISA, CNRS (UMR 7583), Universite Paris Est Creteil, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universite de Bourgogne, Dijon, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, SLAC and LCLS, Stanford University, SLAC, and PULSE Institute, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, University of California, Davis, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, California Maritime Academy, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Denison University, University of Toronto, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics, Eindhoven University of Technology, National Taiwan University, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Harvard University Department of Physics, Harvard University Paulson School of Engineering, Sandia National Laboratories, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Tsinghua Univ, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Center for Quantum Information in Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Center for Quantum Information,IIIS, Tsinghua University, University of Innsbruck, University of Central Florida, Univ of Innsbruck, IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, USA, Zhejiang University, Denison University, Granville, OH, Army Research Laboratory, United States Military Academy, University of Science and Technology of China, ZHEJIANG University, Auburn University, University of Nebraska, University of Windsor, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, University of Nebraska- Lincoln, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, USA, Univ of Washington, Texas A\&M University, College Station, TX, Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, MD, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Princeton University, Department of Engineering Science and Physics, CUNY College of Staten Island, Gemological Institute of America, NY, Department of Physics, University of Melbourne, Department of Atomic Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Element Six, UK, Joint Quantum Institute and University of Maryland, Duke University, University of Strathclyde, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA / University of Colorado at Boulder, James Franck Institute, Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, University of Kaiserslautern, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Temple University, JQI and NIST Gaithersburg, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, University of Connecticut, University of Oregon, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, NIST, UT Austin, ZARM, University of Bremen, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute and the University of Maryland, Univ of California - Berkeley, Univ of Pennsylvania, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Univ of California - Los Angeles, Williams College, Physics Department, Harvard University; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Physics Department, Harvard University, School of Physics, University of Melbourne, School of Physics, University of Melbourne and CQC2T, University of Melbourne, Institute for Quantum optics, Ulm University, Germany, University of Nevada, Reno, NIST, Boulder, University of Victoria, BC, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC 20015, USA, Harvard Univ, Columbia University, Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitaet Stuttgart, Institute of Physics, University of Muenster, Germany, Univ of Toronto, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, Boulder, Institut fuer Quantenoptik, Leibniz Uni Hannover, ZARM, Uni Bremen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Louisiana State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, 94025, USA, Joint Quantum Institute/University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement, School of physics, Huazhong university of Science and technology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, University of Southampton, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China, University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, University of Tokyo, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and the University of Maryland, Univ of Oklahoma, Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, JILA, University of Colorado, Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms and Department of Physics, Harvard University, Imperial College London, LaserLaB, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, The United States Naval Academy, JQC Durham--Newcastle, and School of Mathematics and Statistics, Newcastle Univ., Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universit\`a di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy, Cavendish Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge, UK, Queen's Univ., Kingston, Canada, Joint Quantum Centre (JQC) Durham-Newcastle, Newcastle Univ., UK, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Natl Tsing Hua Univ, University of Cambridge, Army Research Lab and Joint Quantum Institute, University of MD, 20742, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of MD, College Park, 20742, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Ulm Univ, Sandia Natl Lab, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, University of Washington, The University of Chicago, The James Franck Institute, The Enrico Fermi Institute, and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and Inst. for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Inst. for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI), Austrian Academy of Sciences, and University of Innsbruck, Austria, Texas A\&M University, Baylor University, Texas A\&M University, College of William and Mary, UoM, EMCO, Department of Physics, Harvard University, INAF - Fundacion Galileo Galilei, University of Illinois - Urbana-Champaign, JILA, NIST, and University of Colorado, Boulder, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, The Pennsylvania State University, Heidelberg University, Simon Fraser University, Institut f\"ur Laserphysik, Universit\"at Hamburg, Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany, National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA, Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Physics Department, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado, and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Yale University, JILA, NIST and University of Colorado and Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Air Force Institute of Technology, Air Force Research Laboratory, Dartmouth, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA, Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, Michigan, USA, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Kansas, USA, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Univ of Southampton, Dept. of Physics, University of Central Florida, Physics Department, The University of Texas at Dallas, University of Texas at Dallas, Hong Kong Univ of Sci \& Tech, Peking University, Medical College of Wisconsin, Amherst College, University of Nebraska- Kearney, ITAMP, Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai Univ, Romania, Dept of Physics, UAE Univ, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE, Missouri Univ of Sci \& Tech, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Delaware, University of California, San Diego, University of California Berkeley, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Davis and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, SLAC National Laboratory, Univ of York, Univ of Potsdam, Dickinson College, Stony Brook University, SLAC and PULSE Institute, Rochester Inst of Tech, Indian Inst of Tech, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire CARNOT de Bourgogne, UMR 6303 CNRS-Universit\'e Bourgogne Franche-Comt\'e , Dijon, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Mol\'eculaire, Ecole Normale Sup\'erieure de Cachan, France, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Tsinghua University, Stanford Univ, CQuIC - University of New Mexico, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1, LKB, CNRS, ENS-PSL Research University, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités and Collège de France, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Austrian Academy of Science, and Institute for Experimental Physics, University of Innsbruck, Colby College Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Michigan, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 5th Institute of Physics and Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, Universitat Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, MIT, MPI PKS Dresden, Germany, Lancaster University, UK, TU Berlin, Germany, Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Weizmann Institute of Science, JILA, Washington State University, Hong Kong Univ of Sci $ \& $ Tech, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Tsukuba, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland, CENOLI, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland \& NIST, Instituto de Fisica, UASLP, C. of William and Mary, TRIUMF, Univ of Manitoba, York University, Northwestern University, Forschungzentrum Juelich, Jagiellonian University, Colorado State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, JILA, University of Colorado Boulder, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, University of Virginia, UVA, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Stanford University, AOSense, Inc., AOSense, Inc., UC San Diego, UC Berkeley, Physics Institute, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, IQ, LU Hannover, Beihang University, Univ of Nevada - Reno, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, The University of Texas at Dallas, JILA, NIST and CU-Boulder, Center for Quantum Information and Control, University of New Mexico, Department of Physics and SUPA, University of Strathclyde, Univ of Cambridge, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Paris, McGill University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, USC, ANL, UC BERKELEY, SLAC, Argonne National Lab, SLAC National Lab, Argonne National Laboratory, University of Nevada, Kansas State University, Georgia Inst of Tech, National Security Technologies, SSRL, and ALS, JILA, NIST and Physics Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, Michigan State University, Joint Quantum Institute, Army Research Lab, INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Trento, Italy, National Tsang Hua University of Education, Taiwan, LPTMS, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, University of Otago, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, JQI, QuICS, NIST, JQI, NIST, US Naval Academy, University of Cologne, Departamento de F\'isica At\'omica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Granada, Spain, Florida State University, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany, Scientific Computing Laboratory, Institute of Physics Belgrade, University of Belgrade, Serbia, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria; Institut für Quantenoptik, und Quanteninformation IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, Institut f\"{u}r Experimentalphysik, Universit\"{a}t Innsbruck, Austria, University of Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, LMU, Munich, Germany; MPQ, Garching, Germany, California State University, East Bay, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole Normale Superieure, UPMC and CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, Universit\"at Heidelberg, Universit\"at Stuttgart, California Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, Canada, Institute for Quantum Science and Technology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, T.J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, U.S. Army Research Lab, Department of Physics University of Massachusetts at Boston, ICFO, JQI, Harvard, University of Pennsylvania, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Birmingham, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics and research center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern / Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Univ of Virginia, University of Azad and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Berkeley Research Associates, Naval Research Lavoratory, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, University of Kolkatta, Universit\'{e} du Havre, Lehigh University, UNSW Australia, Queens University, Belfast, University of Toledo, Penn State University, Emory University, University of Georgia, Queen's University Belfast, Penn State University at Berks, Davidson College, J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Physics Department, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, Indian Institute of Technology-Tirupati and Indian Institute of Science Eduation and Research, Georgia State University, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Atlanta, USA, Radboud University, NL, University of Texas, Austin, J.R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506 USA, Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, SD 57197 USA, University of Kansas, Element Six Ltd, Dept. of Physics, Lewis and Clark College, Department of Materials Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India, Department of Applied Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia-721657, India, Centre for Quantum Technologies, Williams College Dept. of Physics, Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Straße 1, 85784 Garching, Germany, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, College de France, ENS-PSL Research University, CNRS, UPMC-Sorbonne Universités, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, Computational Nanoscience Lab, Research Center, Salahaddin University, 44001 Erbil, Iraq, NASA Ames Research Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, INO-CNR and LENS, Italy, CNR-IOM and SISSA, Italy, INO-CNR and LENS, University of Florence, Italy, INO-CNR BEC Center, University of Trento, Italy and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany, ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Photoniques, Castelldefels, Spain, University of Toronto and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Max- Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany, JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Colorado, Institute of Quantum Optics, University of Hannover, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Department of Physics, The Citadel, Charleston,SC 29409, Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA30332, Western Washington University, Joint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and the University of Maryland, Creighton University, Univ Hamburg, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India, University of St. Andrews, Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, ENS/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), Institute for Experimental Physics, University Innsbruck, Austria, LNE-SYRTE, Observatoire de Paris/CNRS/UPMC, Paris (France), U.S. Air Force, Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Ulm, Ulm, Germany, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Center for Quantum Information, IIIS, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China, U. of Delaware and JQI, U. of Maryland and NIST, School of Physics, U. of New South Wales, JQI, Physics, U. of Maryland and NIST, U. of Manitoba, NRC Kurchatov Institute PNPI, \& St. Petersburg State University, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, Pomona College, MPQ, MPQ and Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, MPQ and Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ), Institue of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, US Army Research Lab, NIST Quantum Measurement Division and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland and NIST, Univ of Rochester, Harvard University, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Lincoln Laboratory, weizmann institute of science, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Software Maintenance Group, Tinker AFB, Oklahoma, USA, Northwest Missouri State University, Maryville, MO, Univ of Texas, Dallas, Universitaet Heidelberg, ICTP, Trieste, Italy, IQOQI, Innsbruck, Austria, LENS, Florence, Italy, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, University of Kaiserslautern, University of Darmstadt, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA, Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics, 85748 Garching, Germany, Physikalisches Institut, Heidelberg University, Germany, Santa Fe Institute, Indian Inst of Tech-Kanpur, Univ of California - Riverside, ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, None, Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Instititue

    • Ergin Ahmed

      Temple University

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