Dynamic Population Suppression for Sensing and Two-Qubit Gates

We introduce a quantum-control protocol that achieves resonant two-photon excitation while strongly suppressing single-photon excitation. The technique combines oscillatory zero-area pulse modulation with out-of-phase driving fields, resulting in dynamical suppression of the intermediate-state population [1]. This yields resonant pulses with exceptional robustness to single-photon detuning errors: the leading fidelity corrections scale as Δ⁴. The protocol is simple, universal, and readily portable across experimental platforms, including solid-state color centers where detuning noise is a key limitation for quantum sensing [2]. We further outline how the same principle can be leveraged to realize high-fidelity entangling gates in neutral-atom arrays [3] and in trapped-ion systems.

[1] Carrasco, S. C., Lourette, S., Sola, I. & Malinovsky, V. S. Dynamically Enhanced Two-Photon Spectroscopy. Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 163601 (2025).

[2] Lourette, S. et al. Ramsey interferometry of nuclear spins in diamond using stimulated Raman adiabatic passage. Quantum Sci. Technol. 10, 015032 (2024).

[3] Carrasco, S. C., Chathanathil, J., Malinovskaya, S. A., Sola, I. & Malinovsky, V. S. Single-Operation Rydberg Phase Gates via Dynamic Population Suppression. arXiv:2512.07656.