Programmable atomic processors with streamed ancilla arrays

The clock rates in neutral-atom quantum processors based on zoned architecture are limited by the speed at which atoms can be transported into and out of specialized interaction or measurement zones, which is fundamentally constrained by the inertia of the atom and the finite depth of the tweezer trap. Here we propose a neutral-atom-array–based "streaming" architecture for quantum information processing, in which highly parallelized "drive-by" gates mediate interactions between stationary data qubits and moving ancilla qubits. In a proof-of-concept experiment, we employ two one-dimensional 171Yb atom arrays to demonstrate Doppler-shift–mediated fast mid-circuit readout between a dynamic array moving at constant velocity relative to a stationary array, and we present preliminary results toward realizing "drive-by" Rydberg interaction gates. Finally, we discuss efforts to demonstrate exemplary circuit gadgets enabled by the drive-by architecture, such as state preparation of the Steane [[7,1,3]] code and Steane quantum error correction.