Cavity Mediated Two-Qubit Gate: Characterization and Optimization with NISQ Era Quantum Simulations

Photon-mediated operations are critical to the realization of scalable quantum information processing platforms, and their accurate characterization is essential for the identification of optimal regimes and the design of corrective protocols, along with their experimental realizations. Such light-matter interactions are often studied with a broad variety of analytical and computational methods that are constrained by approximation techniques or by computational scaling. Quantum processors present a new avenue to address these challenges. We consider the case of photon-mediated two-qubit gates between quantum emitters placed in a cavity. To investigate quantum state transfer between the qubits, we implement simulations with quantum circuits compatible with NISQ (Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum) era systems that allow us to map out the fidelity of state transfer between qubits as a function of the detunings and the couplings between the emitters and the cavity, and as a function of the damping factor of the cavity. We also explore methods for high fidelity state transfer even in the presence of detunings. Besides its present application, the method introduced here can be efficiently used in various efforts to simulate and optimize photon-mediated two-qubit gates and other relevant operations in quantum information processing [1].

[1] S. S. Yuvarajan, V. Iglesias-Cardinale, D. Hucul, H. F. Fotso, ArXiv:2512.12030 (2025).