Towards the observation of proximity effect in a bilayer lattice

Dipolar quantum gases provide a unique platform to extend the boundry of studies of cold atom lattice simulator, providing an extra control degree of freedom -- the long range dipolar interaction tunable via external field orientation. However, the weak dipole-dipole interaction strength and interspin dipolar relaxation processes prevent observation of long lifetime coherent dynamics. With a bilayer lattice[1], we have shown that a dual-polarization, dual frequency 1D lattice scheme is suitable for controlling the long-range interaction between two opposite spins of dysprosium (10 Bohr magneton) to get up to 20 kHz magnetic interaction, by adjusting the interlayer distance. In our upgraded 3D bilayer lattice system, we have benchmarked different two-body interaction parameters. As a primary many-body phenomenon, we aim to observe the superfluid-Mott phase transition induced by interlayer coupling, which we call 'proximity effect'.

[1] Du, Li, et al. Science 384.6695 (2024): 546-551.