Universal quantum control of a neutral atom qubit array using a moderate-Q microwave resonator

Universal quantum control of a neutral atom qubit array follows from arbitrary single qubit rotations and high-fidelity entangling interactions between atom pairs, and are the essential pillars of fault-tolerant quantum information processing. In Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices, some degrees of error are permissible when probing universal properties of a model, representing ‘macroproperties’ of a system rather than the ‘microstates’ dependent on the precise many-body state [1]. A goal of our research is to illuminate the trade space between the quantum complexity of a many-body qubit system and the robustness of its macroproperties to noise and imperfections. Our experimental system realizes single qubit control through the creation of a microwave field sustained by an in-vacuum microwave resonator and local light shifts on an array of neutral cesium atoms, with entangling interactions through Rydberg states. Using a microwave resonator of moderate-Q we can create a standing wave field that is locally homogeneous at the array to sustain μs scale π-pulses for Mølmer-Sørensen gates [2-3]. We will present our most recent experimental efforts in applying the resonator.

References:

[1] A. Mitra, T. Albash, P. D. Blocher, J. Takahashi, A. Miyake, G. Biedermann, and I. H. Deutsch, “Macroproperties vs. microstates in the classical simulation of critical phenomena in quench dynamics of 1D Ising models,” New J. Phys. 27, 013026 (2025).

[2] M. J. Martin, Y.-Y. Jau, J. Lee, A. Mitra, I. H. Deutsch, and G. Biedermann, “A Mølmer-Sørensen Gate with Rydberg-Dressed Atoms,” arXiv: 2111.14677 (2021).

[3] A. Mitra, M. J. Martin, G. Biedermann, A. M. Marino, P. M. Poggi, and I. H. Deutsch, “Neutral-atom entanglement using adiabatic Rydberg dressing,” Phys. Rev. A 107, 062609 (2023).