Full field measurement of turbulent bubbly jet by Lagrangian Particle Tracking Velocimetry

This study proposes a method for simultaneous measurements of time-resolved three-dimensional velocity fields of the dispersed and continuous phases of a turbulent bubbly jet at a low void fraction using Lagrangian particle tracking (LPT) velocimetry with the Shake-The-Box algorithm. Bubbles are firstly tracked using intensity differences between tracer particles and bubbles, then the bubble images are removed from the camera images and all tracer particles are tracked using the residual images. Subsequently, FlowFit interpolation is applied to the LPT results obtained by phase separation to investigate turbulent characteristics of a bubbly jet. The bubbly jet was divided into two regions along the vertical direction: jet-like and plume-like regions. Streamwise vortex structures of continuous phase were generated mainly by the rising bubbles. The measured slip velocity in the radial direction was not constant but linearly increased. The classical assumption of self-similarity with Gaussian profiles for fluid velocity and bubble concentration is experimentally verified. The entrainment coefficient is obtained as a function of bubbly flow physics parameters based on three-dimensional measurements. The integral theory agrees well with experiments in the plume region.