gallium-based liquid metal patterning, deformation, and manipulation for soft electronic applications

in this paper, we report a gallium-based liquid metal patterning, and magnetic field-driven deformation and manipulation for soft electronics. in this report, we propose a simple liquid metal patterning technology onto a paper based on the imprinting lithography. we investigated the super-lyophobic paper among various papers by measuring contact angle, sliding angle, and wetting area. we demonstrated the Korean Peninsula shape liquid metal patterning on the paper. we also studied magnetic field-based liquid metal deformation and manipulation. in order to manipulate the liquid metal to be non-wettable and controlled by magnetic field, we obtained magnetic liquid metal marble by coating the surface of liquid metal with iron particles using diluted hydrochloric acid solution. then, we investigated magnetowetting behavior of the magnetic liquid metal marble according to the amount of iron particles. we demonstrated dynamic behavior of the magnetic liquid metal marble with various applied magnetic fields. we expect that the proposed pattering, deformation, and manipulation method of the liquid metal may be useful for various soft electronic applications.