Dynamic imaging of quarks and gluons inside the proton

We can gain insight into matter, charge, and radial distributions of the partons inside the nucleon using two-dimensional Fourier transforms of generalized parton distributions (GPDs). We perform such Fourier transforms in a dynamic scenario, including overlap of partons, which incorporates two-body densities, highlighting the possibility of gluon hotspots. Calculations were performed for several values of the momentum fraction X and the skewness ζ, which plays a significant role in shaping these distributions, and evolved using perturbative QCD from the initial scale Q₀ to the scale of the data at 10 GeV².