Nonlinear electromagnetic gyrokinetic particle simulations with the electron hybrid model

The electromagnetic model with fluid electrons is successfully implemented into the global gyrokinetic code GTC.\footnote{Z.~Lin, {\it et al.}, Science {\bf 281}, 1835 (1998).} In the ideal MHD limit, shear Alfven wave oscillation and continuum damping is demonstrated. Nonlinear electromagnetic simulation is further pursued in the presence of finite $\eta_i$\footnote{F.~Zonca and L.~Chen, Plasma Phys. Controlled Fusion {\bf 30}, 2240 (1998); G.~Zhao and L.~Chen, Phys. Plasmas {\bf 9}, 861 (2002).}. Turbulence transport in the AITG unstable $\beta$ regime is studied. This work is supported by Department of Energy (DOE) Grant DE-FG02-03ER54724, Cooperative Agreement No. DE-FC02-04ER54796 (UCI), DOE Contract No. DE-AC02-76CH03073 (PPPL), and in part by SciDAC Center for Gyrokinetic Particle Simulation of Turbulent Transport in Burning Plasmas.