Relativistic Plasma Polarizer: Impact of Temperature Anisotropy on Relativistic Transparency

3D particle-in-cell simulations demonstrate that the enhanced transparency of a relativistically hot plasma is sensitive to how the energy is partitioned between different degrees of freedom. We consider here the simplest problem: the propagation of a low amplitude pulse through a preformed relativistically hot anisotropic electron plasma to explore its intrinsic dielectric properties. We find that: 1) the critical density for propagation depends strongly on the pulse polarization, 2) two plasmas with the same density and average energy per electron can exhibit profoundly different responses to electromagnetic pulses, 3) the anisotropy-driven Weibel instability develops as expected; the timescales of the growth and back reaction (on anisotropy), however, are long enough that sufficient anisotropy persists for the entire duration of the simulation. This plasma can then function as a polarizer or a wave plate to dramatically alter the pulse polarization [1].\\[4pt] [1] D.J. Stark, C. Bhattacharjee, A.V. Arefiev, T. Toncian, R.D. Hazeltine, and S.M. Mahajan. Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 025002 (2015).