Angular distribution of sputtered and reflected species of the solid and liquid lithium surfaces by deuterium impact ¹

Molecular dynamics simulations of sputtering and reflection of the liquid (500K), and of the solid (300K) crystalline and amorphous lithium surfaces by deuterium in range of impact angles of 0-87^o and energies 1-100eV were performed using REAX force field in combination with electronegativity equalization method.  The reflection and sputtering probabilities have a pronounced minimum at perpendicular impact, and then increase toward the larger angles with the gradient which is a function of impact energy. Comparison with available experiments and calculation is shown.