Integrated process for enhancing the normalized beta during n = 1 RMP-driven ELM-crash-suppression phase in KSTAR

The integrated process is designed to recover and enhance the plasma confinement during the ELM-crash-suppression phase in KSTAR by incorporating recent achievements in the RMP technique. The RMP onset timing, RMP spectrum, and strength are optimized to maximize the normalized beta (β_N), a metric for the plasma confinement in this study, utilizing real-time machine learning classifier, edge-localized RMP (ERMP) spectrum, and adaptive feedback RMP ELM controller, respectively. The integrated process under n = 1 ERMP achieves β_N up to ~2.65 (H_89L ~ 1.99), surpassing the previous KSTAR β_N record of ~2.4. The RMP onset at the L-H transition timing can reduce the external heating power required to achieve the same β_N compared to the conventional RMP onset during the H-mode. The adaptive controller, crucial for maximizing β_N while maintaining the suppression phase, restores the suppression phase by 38-62% quicker and recovers β_N ~ 2.6 by ~51% faster under the ERMP spectrum than the conventional RMP (CRMP) after the onset of the ELM-crash-mitigation phase accompanied by a significant drop in β_N during the adaptive control.