Fragmentation of hadrons in jets - theory

Collimated jets of hadrons and their substructure play a crucial role at present day and future collider experiments such as the LHC, RHIC and the EIC. One of the most frequently studied observables is the energy distribution of hadrons inside jets. On the one hand, identified hadrons can be used to precisely map out the energy distribution inside jets both in the longitudinal and transverse direction with respect to the jet axis. On the other hand, new insights into the QCD hadronization mechanism can be obtained allowing for precise extractions of fragmentation functions. By studying hadrons inside a reconstructed jet, these new observables capture additional information about the final state event topology compared to traditional hadron spectra. In this talk, I review the significant progress that has been made recently from the theoretical side.