Neutron Yield and Pulse Shape Characterization of a DD Dense Plasma Focus Source

Dense Plasma Focus devices generate fusion reactions through the rapid ionization of the deuterium gas. This ionization and propagation process forms a plasma pinch near the anode in the device. In a deuterium - deuterium DPF, fusion reactions created during the pinch generate a short ≤ 100ns burst of 2.45MeV neutrons. These devices are at the forefront of industrial and military innovation, with applications to nuclear astrophysics and national security. A DD DPF source, located in Albuquerque, NM, has an estimated yield of 10^12 2.45MeV neutrons per pulse as determined by silver activation. This study aims to characterize the pulse shape of the DD source, and also provide confirmation of the neutron yield. Plastic scintillators, coupled to silicon photomultipliers or PMTs are the primary means of pulse shape measurement in this experiment. Additional activation foils read with high purity germanium detectors provide yield information. Bubble dosimeters of varying sensitivity are used to measure the dose and reproducibility from this pulsed source. With these methods of detection, we provide further insights into the capabilities of DPF devices, fusion research, and neutron detection methods.