Nuclear Spin Locking and Extended Two-Electron Spin Decoherence Time in an InAs Quantum Dot Molecule

The spin eigenstates for two electrons confined in a self-assembled InAs quantum dot molecule (QDM) consist of the spin singlet state, $S$, with \textbf{\textit{J}}$=$ 0 and the triplet states $T_{\mathrm{-}}$, $T_{\mathrm{0}}$ and $T_{\mathrm{+}}$, with \textbf{\textit{J}}$=$ 1. When a transverse magnetic field (Voigt geometry) is applied, the two-electron system can be initialized to the different states with appropriate laser excitation. Under the excitation of a weak probe laser, non-Lorentzian lineshapes are obtained when the system is initialized to either $T_{\mathrm{-}}$ or $T_{\mathrm{+}}$, where $T_{\mathrm{-}}$ results in a ``resonance locking'' lineshape while $T_{\mathrm{+}}$ gives a ``resonance avoiding '' lineshape: two different manifestations of hysteresis showing the importance of memory in the system. These observations signify dynamic nuclear spin polarization (DNSP) arising from a feedback mechanism involving hyperfine interaction between lattice nuclei and delocalized electron spins, and Overhauser shift due to nuclear spin polarization. Using pump configurations that generate coherent population trapping, the isolation of the electron spin from the optical excitation shows the stabilization of the nuclear spin ensemble. The dark-state lineshape measures the lengthened electron spin decoherence time, from 1 ns to 1 $\mu $s. Our detailed spectra highlight the potential of QDM for realizing a two-qubit gate.