Anatole von Lilienfeld
The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP), IBS Center for Soft and Living Matter and Department of Physics, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea, Department of Structure and Constituents of Matter, University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain, Department of Chemical Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Theoretical Soft Matter and Biophysics, Institute of Complex Systems and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum Juelich, Laboratoire Jean Perrin and Laboratoire de Physique Theorique de la Matiere Condensee, CNRS/Universite Pierre et Marie Curie, QuTech, Delft Univ of Technology, 2600 GA Delft, The Netherlands, Center for Quantum Devices and Station Q Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Syracuse University, Lincoln Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Department of Applied Physics, Yale University, Physikalisches Institut, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, CNRS, Institut Néel, F-38000 Grenoble, France, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada, University of Chicago, United states, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Fayetteville State University, Yangzhou University, University of Virginia, University of Tennessee, Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory/Ohio University, Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Ohio University, Brock University, Ontario, City College of New York, CUNY, Stanford University, Instituto de Fisica, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, 78000 San Luis Potosi, Mexico., IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, E-48013 Bilbao, Spain, Centro de Fisica de Materiales (CSIC-UPV/EHU)-Material Physics Center (MPC), Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC). Spain, Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter and Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Sun Yat-Sen University, Augusta University, Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712., University of Minnesota - Twin Cities, D-Wave Systems Inc., Indiana University of Pennsylvania, The University of Minnesota, The University of Texas at Austin, The Air Force Research Laboratory - RQQM, The University of Dayton Research Institute, Unité Mixte de Physique CNRS-Thales, 91767 Palaiseau, France, Thales Research and Technology, 91767 Palaiseau, France, Engineering Dept., University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK, McGill University, University of Manitoba, Shanghai University, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany, University of Minnesota, University of Arizona, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, The University of Texas at El Paso, W.M. Keck Center, El Paso, TX 79968, NIST - Boulder, Raytheon BBN Technologies, National Institute of Standards and Technology, University of Colorado Boulder, University of Wisconsin, Madison, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, Princeton University, IBM T. J. Watson Research Center, Google, Santa Barbara & UC Santa Barbara, UC Santa Barbara, Stockholm University, University of British Columbia, Dahlem Center for Complex Quantum Systems and Fachbereich Physik, Freie Universitat Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany, Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, IFW Dresden and Inst. for Theor. Phys. III, Ruhr University Bochum, Dept. of Physics, Washington University, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Tsinghua University, Research Center Juelich, University Duisburg-Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Research Center Juelich, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory / Florida State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), INNOVENT e. V. Technologieentwicklung, Paul-Scherrer Institut, Switzerland, ISIS Neutron Facility, Columbia University, IFW Dresden, Institute for Solid State Research, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, Department of Physics, University of New South Wales, TU Delft, Univ of New South Wales, Univ Grenoble-Alpes and CEA-Leti, Sandia National Laboratories, National Research Council of Canada, National Research Council, CEA, INAC-PHELIQS, CEA, LETI, Univ of Maryland-College Park, University of Maryland, NIST Gaithersburg, Univ of Wisconsin, Madison, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Argonne National Laboratory, Michigan State University, USA, Sun Yat-Sen University, China, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China, The University of Tokyo, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, The National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Kyoto University, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, UK, NHMFL, Tallahasse, Florida, USA, KAIST, POSTECH, Chonnam Nat. Univ., Rutgers Univ., KRISS, Seoul Nat. Univ., Korea Univ., Univ of California - Berkeley, Karlsruher Institut fur Technologie, Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC, Paul Scherrer Institut, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Univ of Leeds, Univ of St Andrews, GFMC, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain, Unite Mixte CNRS-THALES, Universite Paris Saclay, Palaiseau, France, University of Regensburg, Michigan State University, SIMIT CAS, QuTech, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands, Center for Quantum Devices, Niels Bohr Institute, Denmark, University of Tsukuba, Dep. of Systems Innovation, Osaka University, Photon Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Argonne National Labaratory, Oak Ridge National Labaratory, SUNY Stony Brook, Farmingdale State College, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln, Lincoln NE 68588-0299, USA, NaMLab gGmbH, Noethnitzer Str. 64, 01187 Dresden, Germany, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region 141700, Russia, Lehigh University, Corning Inc., KIMS, Chungnam National University, Research Triangle Institute, Micross Advanced Interconnect Technologies, Sandia Natl Labs, Graduate School of science, Tohoku University, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, WPI-AIMR, Tohoku University, Department of Mechanical Engineering, the Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio USA 43210, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, the Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, University of Texas at Austin, DOES, SKKU, Suwon 16419, Korea, CINAP, IBS, DOES, SKKU, Suwon 16419, Korea, Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Korea, CINAP, IBS, Suwon 16419, Korea, Northwestern Univ, Tokyo Metropolitan University, ARL, NIST, PSU, UA, University of Southern California, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, UT 84112, International Center for Quantum Materials, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, UT 84112, USA, The University of Tennessee and Oak Ridge National Lab, The University of Tennessee, Wayne State University, University of Utah, Inha University, EWHA Woman's Univ, University of Notre Dame, Argonne Natl Lab, Rice Univ, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, National University of Singapore, Oxford Instruments Nanoscience, Oxon, UK, School of Physics & Astronomy, University of Manchester, UK, Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK, Néel Institute, Grenoble, France, Physics department, Columbia University, NY, USA, Néel Institute, Grenoble, France; Physics department, Columbia University, NY, USA, Harvard University, National Institute for Materials Science, Japan, QuTech and Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft, The Netherlands, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Japan, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Japan, University of California, Berkeley, University of Warwick, Tulane University, National Institute for Materials Science, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Pennsylvania State University, Air Force Research Laboratory, University of North Texas, University of Vermont, National Taiwan University and National Nano Device Laboratories, Tohoku University, New York University Shanghai & New York University, The University of Tokyo, PRESTO-JST, Japan, NIMS, Japan, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Argonne Nat. Lab., Univ. of South Florida, Univ. of S. Florida, Univ. of Nebraska-Lincoln, Oak Ridge Nat. Lab., Texas A\&M Univ., Fudan University, Carnegie Mellon University, Quantum Condensed Matter Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PU, United Kingdom, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, ShanghaiTech University, 319 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China, Institut Laue-Langevin, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France, University of Colorado-Boulder, North Carolina State University, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Dresden Germany, National Centre for Nuclear Studies, Nicolaus Copernicus Univ., Japan Accuray Co Ltd.., Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, School of Electronics Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of California, Santa Barbara, Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Joint Institute of Computational Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Renmin University of China, Stanford University, SIMES, SIMES, SSRL, Univ of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Florida State Univ and National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Iowa State University, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, National Research Council of Canada, Politecnico di Torino, Drexel University, ESPCI, Wageningen University, Yale, Univ of Cincinnati, Department of Physics and Astronomy and Nanoscale and Quantum Phenomena Institute, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, University of Cincinnati, The University of Cincinnati, Washington University in St. Louis, MIT, Georgia Tech, University of Rochester, Univ of California - San Diego, Salk Institute of Biological Studies, La Jolla, International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Trieste, Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, California 92093, USA, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China, University of Iowa, University of California Riverside, Chongqing University, Physikalisches Institut, North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech, Johns Hopkins University, Georgia Institute of Technology, The University of Alabama, Federal University of Para, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville FL 32611-7200, Parisian Institute of Molecular Chemistry, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris cedex 5, University of Pennsylvania, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70808, USA, Centre for Condensed Matter Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan, Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan, Rutgers University, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, RWTH Aachen, RCNP, Osaka University, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, University of Memphis, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Univ of Notre Dame, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, University of Leipzig, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics Dresden, Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA, Institute for Materials Science, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA, Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Unite mixte de physique CNRS/Thales, Universit Pierre et Marie Curie, CNRS, Universit of Sud, Universit Paris-Saclay, NTT Basic Research Laboratories, National Institute of Informatics, Institute for Quantum Computing, University of Waterloo, Chapman University (Intern), Chapman University (Affiliated Researcher), Australian Centre for Engineered Quantum Systems, University of Queensland, University of Queensland, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, University of Tennessee, University of Tennessee, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Max-Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, University of Duisburg-Essen, TU Darmstadt, Ruhr-University Bochum, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, University of Vienna, Vienna University of Technology, Rochester Institute of Technology, Univ of South Florida, National laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China, Caltech, Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, Cornell Univerisity, UCSB, RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, Japan, Department of Physics, University of Basel, Switzerland, Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States, National Institute for Materials Science, Namiki 1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan, Hong Kong Univ of Sci & Tech, Army Research Lab, NHMFL, Florida State University, Center for Nanophysics and Advanced Materials, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory and Florida State University, Department of Chemistry, University of Texas, Dallas, Dresden High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Naval Research Lab, Washington, HLD-HZDR, NHMFL, CSNSM, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Department of Physics, MIT, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA, Department of Physics, South University of Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA, Norwegian Univ Tech (NTNU), Graduate Institute of Electronic Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, US, Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Univ of California - Riverside, Walther-Meissner-Institute, Cornell University, CNF, Ithaca, NY, USA, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, UAE, University of Sao Paulo, University of Rijeka, University of Regensburg/University of Sao Paulo, University at Buffalo, Peking University, Laboratoire Leon Brillouin, CEA Saclay, France, IFW Dresden, Institut Laue-Langevin, NIST Center for Neutron Research, Forschungs-Neutronenquelle Heinz Maier-Leibnitz, The Bragg Institute, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Lucas Heights, NSW 2234, Australia, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China, Department of Physics, Renmin Univ of China, Beijing 100872, China, Rice University, Julich Centre for Neutron Science, Universite Grenoble Alpes, Beijing Normal University, Universit$\ddot{a}$t zu K$\ddot{o}$ln, Germany, Okayama Univ., Japan, LLB, France, ILL, France, MLZ, Germany, AIST, Japan, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (retired), Univ of Illinois - Urbana, Duke University, Appalachian State University, University of Tokyo, RIEKEN, Columbia Univ, Duke Univ, National Institute for Material Science, Japan, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, National Institute for Materials Science, Namiki, Naval Research Laboratory, Departamento de Fisica Aplicada, Cinvestav-Merida, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, 244 Wood Street, Lexington, MA 02420, USA, Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massa, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, 244 Wood Street, Lexington, MA 02420, USA., Brookhaven National Laboratory, Department of Material Sciences and Engineering, University of Virginia, Department of Physics, College of William and Mary, DQMP - University of Geneva, CCES, IBS, Department of Physics, Hanyang University, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Center for Correlated Electron Systems, Institute for Basic Science (CCES, IBS), Tulane Univ, Univ of Geneva, Texas A & M University, ETRI, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States, Univ of Texas, Austin, University of Texas at Dallas, University College Cork, University of Texas, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kyoto University, ASICS Corporation, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, UC Berkeley, UC Berkeley, CIO, Mexico, WSI and Physics Department, TUM, 85748 Garching, Germany, SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9SS, UK, Quantum-Phase Electronics Center and Department of Applied Physics, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan, Massachusetts Inst of Tech-MIT, Department of Physics, Stanford University, Univ of Missouri - Columbia, University of Western Cape, Weizmann Institute of Science, Microsoft Research, Station Q, University of California, Microsoft Station Q, Max Planck Institute of Chemical Physics of Solids, Univ Colorado, Boulder, Universidade do Estado de Rio de Janeiro, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University,Piscataway, New Jersey, 08854, Aalto University; Brown University, Oakland University, Aalto University, University of Tehran, Aalto University; University of Tehran, Nordita, University of Missouri, Radboud University, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, City University of New York, Advanced Materials Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore - 560 012. India, Clark Atlanta University, Georgia State University, Hiroshima University, Japan, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Pusan National University, Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Physics, CNRS Institut Neel; Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Physics, CNRS Institut Neel, Indian Institute of Science, International Centre for Theoretical Studies, Raytheon BBN Technologies, Quantum Information Processing Group, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, US, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA, John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA, École Normale Supérieure, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400076, India, University of Colorado, Boulder, University of Tennessee: Knoxville, ORNL, Lawrence Berkely National Laboratory, Politechnico di Milano, Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste, Nist Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Universita di Napoli Federico II, Bilkent University, Ankara 06800 TURKEY, SLAC - Natl Accelerator Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Purdue University, Univ of Sci & Tech of China, University of Cambridge, SuperSTEM Laboratory, Universtity of Bremen, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Advanced Simulation Technology Of Mechanics R\&D, Co., Ltd., Osaka City University, Department of physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Inst. f. Theo. Phys., TU Clausthal, Germany, Inst. f. Theo. Phys., U. G\"ottingen, Germany, ESPCI Paris, Institut Langevin, Paris, France, The University of Manchester, Brown University, University of Manchester, University of Liverpool, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Univ of Chicago and Argonne National Lab, Univ of Chicago, Univ of Massachusetts at Amherst, Center for Soft Matter Research, Department of Physics, New York University, Department of Chemistry, New York University, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds & Tech, Department of Physics, University of Pennsylvania, JILA, University of Colorado, Delft University of Technology, Element Six Innovation, QUTech & Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, University of Saarland, Element Six, The Ohio State University, University of Pennsylvania, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Keio University, UNC, University of Akron, Department of Physics, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, LIPHY, Universite Grenoble Alpes, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Dept. of Physics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA, Department of Physics, UT Austin, Shijiazhuang Fifth Hospital, Charite Berlin, Leipzig University, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) / Joint Quantum Institute (JQI), The University of Queensland, RWTH Aachen University, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, FOM Institute AMOLF, Univ of California - Santa Barbara, Ohio State University, Quantum-Phase Electronics Center (QPEC), The University of Tokyo, Utrecht University, TU Dortmund, Unite Mixte de Physique, CNRS, Thales, Univ. Paris-Sud, Universite Paris Saclay, France, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Univ of Texas, Austin;ICQM, PKU, Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA, Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA, Cornell University, Cornell University and Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science, SYMMES, Univ. Grenoble Alpes / INAC-CEA, F-38000 Grenoble, France, SPINTEC, Univ. Grenoble Alpes / CNRS / INAC-CEA, F-38000 Grenoble, France, Yale Quantum Institute, Yale University, University of Nebraska---Lincoln, University of California, Riverside, QuTech and Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands, Instituut-Lorentz, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands, Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Chinese Academy of Science, Nanjing University, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China, Institute for Advanced Study, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, Department of Physics, McCullough Building, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-4045, USA, Department of Physics, IPAP, and Center for Computational Studies of Advanced Electronic Material Properties, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea, Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Stuttgart, Germany, Dept. of Physics, The Univ. of Tokyo, Japan, University of Nebraska - Lincoln, Stanford Univ, LBNL, Univ of Tennessee, Knoxville, Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kentucky, IBS-CCES, Univ. of Kentucky, Delft Univ of Tech, Eindhoven Univ of Tech, University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Physics, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, USA, Department of Physics, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China, Stanford University, Department of Applied Physics, Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, Stanford University, Department of Physics, Diamond Light Source, Ames Laboratory, Institut fur Theoretische Physik III, Ruhr-Universitat Bochum, Technion, Physics department, Ohio State University, Physics Department, Laboratory for Materials and Structures, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokodai Institute for Element Strategy, Tokyo Institute of Technology, University of Florida, Walther Meissner Institut, Laboratory for Physical Sciences, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Kent State University, University of California, San Diego, Stanford Univ. and SLAC Nat. Acc. Lab., SLAC Nat. Acc. Lab., Stanford Univ., University of Toronto \& Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Canadian Centre for Electron Microscopy \& Brockhouse Institute for Materials Research, University of Waterloo \& Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, University of Waterloo, Institut Laue-Langevin, France, California State Univ-Fresno, The University of Cambridge, United Kingdom, ESPCI, Paris, ETH Zurich, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany, NIMS, Free University Berlin, Max Planck Institution, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Physics, New York Univ NYU, ICM, Madrid, Northwestern University, Department of Nuclear Engineering, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University 28 West Xianning Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, P. R. China, CCS, University of Tsukuba, Texas A&M University, School of Biological Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, LIPhy CNRS and University Grenoble Alpes, Boston Univ, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University. Piscataway, NJ 08456, Center for Emergent Materials, Department of Physics. The Ohio State University. Columbus, OH 43210, School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, Institute for Basic Science, Dept. of Materials Physics, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain, Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain, Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA-Nanociencia), Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanxi Normal University, China, ICQD and Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, China, National Institute for Materials Science (Japan), Dept. of Physics, Pohang Univ. of Science and Technology, Korea, National Institute for Materials Science, Namiki, Tsukuba, Japan, Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, Department of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Center for Applied Physics and Technology, Peking University, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Natl Taiwan Univ, Natl Taiwan Sci Educ Ctr, Natl Sun Yat-Sen Univ, Department of Chemistry, UCL, UK, Department of Physics, Hanyang Univ., Korea, School of Physics, Zhengzhou Univ., China, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Academia Sinica, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Physics and Center for Correlated Matter, Zhejiang University, Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego; Department of Physics, Columbia University, Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Dept., Brookhaven National Laboratory, university of manchester, UC San Diego, Ames Laboratory, U.S. DOE, Ames Lab, Ames, Iowa, Ames Lab, Ames. Iowa, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Louisiana State University, Dpto. de Física de Materiales, Fac. Químicas, UPV/EHU, Spain, Lappeenranta University of Technology, Finland, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Russia, International Laboratory of High Magnetic Fields and Low Temperatures, Poland, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States., Dipartimento di Chimica, Universita' di Parma, Parma, Italy, ISIS Pulsed Neutron Facility, STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Ditcot, UK, IMEM-CNR, Parma, Italy, ICFO - The Institute of Photonic Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, International Center For Quantum Materials, Peking University, Beijing, China, Univ of NC - Chapel Hill, University of California - Irvine, National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Seoul National University, National Taiwan University, National Tsing Hua University, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, Brimrose Technologies Corporation, Sparks, MD, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Lab, Argonne, IL, Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering; National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University,, Florida State University, Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics, UC Santa Barbara, UC Santa Cruz, Brookhaven Natl Lab, University of Oxford, National Synchrotron Research Center, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Osaka Prefecture University, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Texas A&M Univ, Yale University, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd., MC 128-95, Pasadena, CA 91125, Ecole Polytechnique, ETH - Zurich, Universiteit Leiden, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Physics. Georgia Tech, Technische Universit\"at Berlin, Institut f\"ur Theoretische Physik, 10623 Berlin, Germany, Laboratory of Systems Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, UCLA, Center for Soft Matter and Biological Physics \& Physics Department, Virginia Tech, Biomedical Engineering, Duquesne University, Baker Hughes, Blacksburg, Va, Korea Research Inst of Standards and Science (KRISS), Joint Quantum Institute, Univ of Maryland-College Park/NIST, Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, Univ of Maryland-College Park, Leiden University, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Ames Laboratory, US DOE and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA, Ames Laboratory USDOE and Iowa State University, Univ of Waterloo, Tufts University, Univeristy of Rostock, University of Rostock, Heriot Watt University/School of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, The Coca-Cola Company, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium, Univ of Akron, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Faculty of Advanced Life Science and Soft Matter GI-CoRE, Hokkaido University, Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, US Army Research Laboratory, University of Tennessee; Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, Center for Neutron Research, NIST, University of Alberta, Hokkaido Univ, 2016 APS President, University of Michigan, Laboratory of Genetics, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany, Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Department of Physics, University of Houston, Center for Metabolic Biology, Iowa State University, Center for Metabolic Biology, Bioinformations and Computational Biology, Iowa State University, Washington College, Univ of Milan, CNRS, Lyon, Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics, Mount Sinai, University of South Florida, Advanced Materials Laboratory, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Japan, Wuerzburg University, University of California Berkeley, Rice University and Peking University, Institute of Semiconductors, CAS, Teledyne Scientific and Imaging, ICQM Peking Univ and Rice University, ICQM Peking Univ, UC Riverside, Department of physics, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, Peking University, Rice University, SKLSM, Institute of Semiconductors, CAS, NG Next, Northrop Grumman, Univ of Southern California, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, USA, Nanophotonics Center, Electrical & Computer Engineering, Whitacre College of Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, Choice Research Group, Natl Chiao Tung Univ, None, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, STFC, UK, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, UK, Boston University, Bar-Ilan University, Yeshiva University, Monash University, University of California, Davis, California Polytechnic State University, Professor, Ph.D Student, Northeastern Univ, Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Institute of Physics ‘Gleb Wataghin’, University of Campinas—UNICAMP, Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, University of Alabama - 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R. China, Bielefeld University, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, State Univ of NY, Washington Univ., St. Louis, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, Institute IMDEA Nanoscience, Madrid Spain, Institute of Electronic Materiazls Technology, Warsaw , Poland, Department of physics, Missouri University of Science and Technology, MO 65409 USA, LNCMI-CNRS, 25 rue des martyrs, Grenoble, France, Suranaree Univ of Tech., Univ of Warwick, Tokyo Institute of Tech., Univ of Tokyo \& RIKEN, Brookhaven National Laboratory and Stony Brook University, University of California San Diego, Dept. of Elec. 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Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya University,, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University; Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin,, Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan, ISSP, University of Tokyo, Ochanomizu University, NSRRC, HiSOR, Institute for Research in Electronics & Applied Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA, Center for Nanophysics and Advanced Materials and Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA, University of California Los Angeles, Technion, Center for Electronic Materials and Spintronics, Korea Institute of Science and Technology(KIST), Korea, Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technolog, Korea, Universidad Complutense, QCMD, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, MSD, Argonne National Laboratory and QCMD, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, MSD, Argonne National Laboratory, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, USA, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA, Materials Department, University of California Santa Barbara, Physics Department, Boston College, Swiss Muon Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, BESSY-II, Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin, SLAC and Stanford, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The North Carolina State University, The Department of Physics, The University of Texas at El Paso, MINT Center, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa AL 35487 USA, Materials Sciences and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge,TN 37831 USA, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130 USA, Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Univ of Wisconsin-Madison, Univ of Pittsburgh, National Cheng Kung University, IBM Research - Zurich, SPEC, CEA, Gif sur Yvette, France, LPS, Orsay, France, LNCMI, Toulouse, France, University of Texas, Austin, USA, ECE and MSE, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, Dept of Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, IIT Kanpur, UP 208016, India, AEP, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, MSE, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, Electronics Science and Technology Division, U.S. NRL, Washington, DC 20375, ECE, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY-14853, University of Geneva, Department of Quantum Matter Physics, Geneva, National Institute of Standards and Technology/CNAM, MD, Center for Nanophysics and Advanced Materials, University of Maryland, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, Université de Sherbrooke and Institut quantique, Institute for Theory of Condensed Matter,Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany, Institut f\"{u}r Theoretische Physik III, Ruhr-Universit\"{a}t Bochum, D-44801 Bochum, Germany, Institute for Solid State Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany, Boeing-Spectrolab Inc., University of Toledo, Seton Hall Univ, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Western Washington University, Ewha Womans Univerisity, Korea Advanced Nanofab Center (KANC), University of Wyoming, University of Oklahoma, Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada, University of Waterloo / Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Leuven / University of Amsterdam, The Bragg Institute, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Renmin Univ of China, Advanced Light Sources, Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Bar Ilan University, EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland, National Sun Yat-Sen U., Taiwan, Bragg Institute, Australia, National Central University, National Central University, Jhongli 32001, Taiwan, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, Maryland, 20742, Institute for Research in Electronics \& Applied Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, Sogang University, University of Ulsan, UNIST, Polytechnique Montreal, Universite de Montreal, RIKEN, UNC Charlotte, HFML, Nijmegen, FSU $\&$ NHMFL, Department of Physics. The Ohio State University. Columbus, OH 43210, randolph.elmquist@nist.gov, National Physical Laboratory, Hitachi Cambridge Laboratory, Cambridge, UK, London Center for Nanotechnology, University College London, London, UK, CEA-Leti, Grenoble, France, Center for Nanophotonics, FOM Institute AMOLF, Science Park 104, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands, RWTH Aachen University and Forschungs Zentrum Juelich, State Univ of NY- Stony Brook, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing Univers, Vanderbilt Univ. & ORNL, ORNL & Univ. of Tennessee, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee FL, 32310, USA, School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee FL, 32307, USA, Department of Physics, Astronomy and Geosciences, Towson University, 8000 York Road, Towson, MD 21252, IBS-CCES, Seoul Natl. Univ., Sungkyunkwan Univ., Kunsan Natl. Univ., Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Univ. of Seoul, Sungkyunkwan Univ., IBS-CINAP, Temple Univ, Sungkyunkwan University, 300 Cheoncheon-dong, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 440-746, South Korea, Kunsan National University, 558 Daehak-ro, Gunsan, Jeonbuk 573-701, South Korea, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States, New Industry Creation Hatchery Center, Tohoku University, Virginia Commonwealth University, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Department of Physics and Astronomy, West Virginia University, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Univ of Northern Iowa, Penn State Univ, Towson Univ, UFMG, Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China, I. Institute of Physics, Justus-Liebig-University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, 35392 Giessen, Germany, Tohoku Univ., JASRI, Hiroshima City Univ., Nagoya Institute of Tech., Univ of Vermont, The Institute of Chemistry and The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Hebrew Universit, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, Federal University of Parana, Union College, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany, University of Paris-Saclay, University of Central Florida, University of Paris-Sud, Brookhaven National Lab, Pacicfic Northwest National Lab, Retired, Institute of Physics, NCTU, Taiwan, Institute of Physics, KFU, Russia, Kyushu University, NSLS II, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Lab, NIST NCNR / Univ of Maryland, Stevens Institute of Technology, University of Southern Mississippi, Univ of Memphis, Physics Departiment, National Taiwan Normal University, Department of Physics, Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut 06459, USA, Institute for Mechanical Engineering, Hochschule Magdeburg-Stendal, 39114 Magdeburg, Germany, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-organization (MPIDS), 37077 Gottingen, Germany, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Centro Atómico Bariloche e Instituto Balseiro, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, 01187 Dresden, Germany, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, 01307 Dresden, Germany, Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany; Harvard University, Cambrigde, MA, USA, Brandeis University, University of California, Merced, Dipartimento FIM, Universita di Modena e Reggio E. and Istituto Nanoscienze - CNR, via Campi 213/a, Modena, Italy, Istituto Nanoscienze - CNR, via Campi 213/a, Modena, Italy, Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Quantum Device Lab, ETH Zurich, Quantronics group, SPEC, IRAMIS, DSM, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France, Department of Nuclear Solid State Physics, Institute for Experimental Physics II, Universitat Leipzig, Linnstr. 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany, Masdar Institute of Science and Technology, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Iowa State Univ, Molecular Physics, University Leipzig, Linnestr. 5, 04317 Leipzig, Germany, University Halle Wittenber, Halle-Saale, Germany, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, Institut für Chemie neuer Materialien, Universität Osnabrück, University of Ioannina, Osnabrueck University, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Beijing University of Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Indian Institute of Technology - Gandhinagar, Univ of Minn - Minneapolis, Univ of Minnesota - Twin Cities, Princeton Univ, Mentor Graphics, University of Seoul, Departamento de fisica de materiales, Universidad del Pais Vasco, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain, Department of Physics and Institute for Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, USA, Facluty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Department of Applied Physics, National Defense Academy, Institut Charles Sadron, CNRS, Department of Polymer Science, University of Akron, Indiana University School of Medicine, Nova Southeastern University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Dept of Physics and Astronomy, University of California - Los Angeles, University of California, Los Angeles, Department of Physics and Graphene Research Institute, Sejong University, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, POSTECH, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Peter Gruenberg Institute, FZ Juelich, Germany, II. Institute of Physics B, RWTH Aachen, Germany, Peter Gruenberg Institute and ER-C, FZ Juelich, Germany, IFW Dresden and Ruhr-Universitaet Bochum, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, RIKEN Cen- ter for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), University of California at Berkeley, Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Carnegie Institution of Washington, APS, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Technology Institute for Superhard and Novel Carbon Materials, Ames Laboratory, Ames, IA 50011, Aarhus University, CEA-Saclay, IEMN, 3rd Institute of Physics, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, CUNY-City College of New York and CUNY-Graduate Center, NY, USA, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Vilnius, Lithuania, Australian National University, ACT, Australia, CUNY-City College of New York, NY, USA, QuTech and Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, University of Maryland-College Park, Lincoln Laboratory, MIT, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, MIT, Lincoln Laboratory, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Quantum Nanoelectronics Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley CA 94720, USA, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, Universitat Erlangen-Nurnberg, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin fur Materialien und Energie, The University of Jordan, Shizuoka University, Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA and SIMES, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA, The Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA, Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA, Neutron Scattering and Magnetism, ETH Zurich, Theory of Quantum Matter Group, University of Geneva, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, UK, University of Tennessee, Knoxville and Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Eindhoven University of Technology, Universit\"at W\"urzburg, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA., Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Nanoscale and Quantum Phenomena Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701-2979, USA., Key Lab of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, CAS, Virginia Tech, Sotera Defense Solutions, Inc.,, UC Santa Barbara, Leiden University, Institute for Integrative Nanosciences, IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstraße 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK, EPSRC National Centre for III-V Technologies, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK, Quantum Opus, 42511 Helm St., Plymouth, MI 48170, USA, University of Edinburgh, University of Winnipeg, McMaster University, LPTHE, CNRS and Universit\'{e} Pierre et Marie Curie, Sorbonne Universit\'{e}s, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France, Colorado State University, Lanzhou University, Department of Physics, Waseda Univ., Department of Applied Physics, Yale University, New Haven, USA, Institut quantique, Universit\'{e} de Sherbrooke, Institut quantique, Universit\'{e} de Sherbrooke and Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Station Q, Microsoft Research; Univ of California- Santa Barbara, Niels Bohr Institute; Station Q Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Institute; Station Q Copenhagen; Dusseldorf, CalTech, Univ of California - Santa Barbara; Station Q, Microsoft Research, Niels Bohr Institute, Niels Bohr Institute; University Düsseldorf, UT Austin, Research Laboratory for Quantum Materials, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Austin, School of Physics, The University of New South Wales, Dep. of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA, Cond. Matter Physics and Materials Science Dept, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA, Fudan University&University of California, Irvine, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor, High Magnetic Field Laboratory Chinese Academy of Sciences, Department of Physics and Astronomy, West Virginia University, WV 26506, USA, Department of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China, Institute of Physics, National Chiao Tung University, 30010 HsinChu, Taiwan, University of Houston, USA, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, China, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, Baylor University, USA, School of Materials Science and Engineering -Low dimensional Carbon Materials Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Naval Research Lab, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM-CSIC), Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM-CSIC) and Shadong University, Siberian Federal University, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, University of Peradeniya, Rajarata University, Univ of California - Merced, NTU, Department of Physics and Astronomy \& Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588, PSE UMASS Amherst, Chemistry Department, UMASS Amherst, Physics Department, Indian Institute of Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taiwan, Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taiwan, Department of Physics, National Sun Yat-sen University, Taiwan, University of California Merced, Nanyang Tech Univ, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Qatar Environment and Energy Research Institute, Qatar, University of Toronto, Canada, National Tsing-Hua University, University of Birmingham, Universite Paris Diderot, CUNY College of Staten Island, Staten Island, NY 10314 USA, Rutgers Univ, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, New Jersey Inst. Tech., New Jersey Inst of Tech, L.V. Kirensky Institute of Physics, Texas Center for Superconductivity and Department of Physics at the University of Houston and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Quantum Condensed Matter Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory and Department of Physics and Astronomy at the University of Tennessee, Texas Center for Superconductivity and Department of Physics at the University of Houston, Department of Physics, Yonsei University, University of South Alabama, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge University, Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, Advanced Photon Source, Molecular Photoscience Research Center, Kobe University, Japan, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Japan, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, UC Berkeley/LBNL/Kavli ENSI, Department of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Kemerovo State University, Kemerovo 650043, Russia, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, University of Copenhagen, Shanghai Normal University, Univ of Sherbrooke, LPA-CNRS, IOP-CAS, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Graduate Institute of Applied Physics, National Taiwan University, IBS Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics (CINAP), Institute for Basic Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Penn State University, Indian Inst of Science, Department of Physics, Ewha Womans University, Korea, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Korea, Universita di Roma La Sapienza, Univ of Tennessee, Knoxville/ Oak Ridge National Laboratory, SIMES, SLAC \& Stanford University, Advanced Light Source, LBNL, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Physics Department, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Mechanical & Industrial Engineering Department, National Institute of Standards \& Technology, University of Texas, Austin, UTRC, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Science, Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831 U.S.A., Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439 U.S.A., Argonne Leadership Computing Facility, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439 U.S.A., University of South Dakota, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, Crete Center for Quantum Complexity and Nanotechnology, Department of Physics, University of Crete, Heraklin, Greece, Theory of Condensed Matter, University of Cambridge, Materials Science, Electrical Engineering, Physics and Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC, Dept. of Physics, Univ. of North Texas, Denton, TX, Dept. of Physics, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, School of Pharmacy, UNC, Chapel Hill, NC, Dept. of Materials Science, UC Berkeley, CA, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC, UC Louvain, Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo and Institute of Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, Florida State University and National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Colorado School of Mines and National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Ames Laboratory and Iowa State University, University of Colorado, National Synchrotron Radiation Center, California State University, Long Beach, National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Taiwan, Faculty of Agriculture, Meijo University, Japan., Institute for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, Japan, Department of Physics, Nagoya University, Japan, Division of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Japan, Univ of British Columbia, Canadian Light Source, National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan, Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan, Univ. of Kaiserslautern, Germany, Univ. 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Physics, North Dakota State University, Dept. Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Israel Institute of Technology, Missouri University of Science and Technology, The University of Texas at El Paso, State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion; School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, University of San Diego, Georgia State Univ, Department of Physics, UNIST, Korea, IBS Center for Soft and Living Matter, and Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea, University of Duisburg-Essen Lotharstr, JASRI/SPring-8, Grad. Sch. Eng., IMCE, WPI-I2CNER, Kyushu Univ., LPTMC, CNRS-UMR 7600, Universit\'e Pierre et Marie Curie, Department of Electro-Optical Engineering, National Formosa University, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Germany, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Netherlands, University of Milano, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, College of Charleston, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Mathematical Soft Matter Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Neutron Science Directorate, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California Santa Barbara, Hochschule Niederrhein, University of Applied Sciences, Nagoya University, Univ of NC - Chapel Hil, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Air Force Rsch Lab - WPAFB, Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA, Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-2275, USA, Hongik University, Univ of Pennsylvania, Hallym University, Chungnam Natl Univ, Tufts Univ, Univ of Rostock, Simon Bolívar University, University of the Basque Country, James Madison University, High Point University, Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Julianalaan 136, 2628 BL Delft, Netherlands, Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter,Xiamen University,China, Physics Department, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, P.O.Box 1176, Ethiopia, North Carolina State Univ, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Princeton, Creighton University, Univ of Houston, Penn State, Univ of Delaware, NIST, University of Houston, University of Yamanashi, Department of Microelectronics and Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands, Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, Department of Physics, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, Laboratory for Physical Sciences, College Park, MD and Department of Physics, University of Maryland, Laboratory for Physical Sciences, College Park, MD and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, Laboratory for Physical Sciences, College Park, MD and Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD and Laboratory for Physical Sciences, College Park, MD, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Riverside, CA, Walther-Meissner-Institut, TU Muenchen, Nanosystems Initiative Munich (NIM), Forschungszentrum J\"ulich, D-52425 J\"ulich, Germany, Institute of Metal Physics, Ekaterinburg 620990, Russia, University of Hamburg, Bryn Mawr College, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Argonne National Laboratory and Tsinghua University, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China, Physics Dept., University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA, Istituto de Strutura della Materia (CNR), Rome, Italy, Fritz-Haber-Institute, Germany, Universidad del Pais Vasco, Spain, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, UK, Diamond Light Source, UK, Universitaet Zuerich, Switzerland, NTHU, National Institute of Materials Science, Japan, UCL, UK, KTH, Sweden, ISIS neutron source, UK, PSI, Switzerland, Cardiff University, UK, Université de Lyon, Cornell University, Brookhaven National Laboratory, University of St. Andrews, University College Cork, SPINTEC, CEA-INAC/CNRS/Univ. 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Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Department of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovoth 76100, Israel, Temple University, Korea University, Universit{\'e} de Cergy-Pontoise, France, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, University of Innsbruck, Austria, CNRS Toulouse, Universit{\'e} Paul Sabatier, France, Beijing Normal Univ, Department of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Institute of Theoretical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland, State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China, Vienna University, CMP, University of Wisconsin, Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA, Chonbuk National University, Soongsil University, National Academy of Sciences, Air Force Res. 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O. C., Universidade Federal Fluminense, Universidad Federico Santa Maria, Department of physics, Korea Univ, Department Of Physics Univ of Houston - Clear Lake, The university of Tokyo, School of Engineering, Department of Chemical System Engineering, Dept. of Physics, Kumamoto University, CACS, Depts. of Physics & Astronomy, Computer Science, and Chemical Engg. & Material Science, USC, CACS, Dept. of Physics & Astronomy, USC, Tongji Univ, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry, Tehran, Iran, Plasma Physics Research Center, Science and Research Branch, Azad University, Tehran, Iran, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Transylvania Univ, University of Michigan, Istanbul University, University of Huston, Universität Bayreuth, Germany, University of Strasbourg, France, Univ of New Orleans, Hitachi ltd., Hitachi High-Technologies, University of Texas Austin, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Advanced Materials Research Institute, University of New Orleans, University of Michigan, Dearborn, 300 Below Inc., Department of Physics and Astronomy, Millikin University, Center for Entrepreneurship, Millikin University, Millikin University, Rochester Inst of Tech, 300 Below, Inc., City Colleges of Chicago, Ithaca College, Cleveland State University, Paul Scherrer Institute in Switzerland, Hartnell Comm Coll, Johns Hopkins Univ, University of Michigan, Duke University, University of Maryland, National Institute of Standards and Technology, JARA-Institute for Quantum Information, RWTH Aachen University, Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Universitaet Regensburg, Innovations for High Performance Microelectronics, Frankfurt (Oder), Institut quantique and D\'epartement de physique, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke \& Candian Institut for Advanced Research, CIFAR, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, Institut quantique and D\'epartement de physique, Universit\'e de Sherbrooke, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway St, Boulder, CO 80305, INRIA Paris-Rocquencourt, Physics Department and James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Departments of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Department of Applied Physics and Department of Physics, Yale University, Department of Basic Science, University of Tokyo, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Univ of California - Irvine, CEA, INAC-PHELIQS, F-38000 Grenoble, France, Ludwig Max Univ Muenchen, China Institute of Atomic Energy, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin fur Materialien und Energie, The University of Tennessee, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, IBM Almaden Res Ctr, Yale Quantum Institute, Yale University and INRIA Paris Rocquencourt, Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Nano Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Dept. of Physics, National Taiwan University, CCMS, National Taiwan University, IAMS, Academia Sinica, Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei 11529, Taiwan, Center for Condensed Matter Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan, Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan, Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin,, Department of Materials science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University,, Missouri State Univ, Dept of Mat. Sci. and Engr., Univ of Wisconsin, Univ of Wisconsin, University of Konstanz, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Univ of Wyoming, Department of Physics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Department of Physics, Boston College, USA, Univ., of Li\`{e}ge, Univ., Grenoble Alpes - CNRS, Univ., Federal de Sao Carlos, Peter Gruenberg Institut, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, ETH, Switzerland, EPFL, Switzerland, University of Dallas, CD-FMat, AIST, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN, USA, Drexel University, PA, USA, Vanderbilt University,TN, USA, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA, Battery Innovation Center, Newberry, Indiana, USA, School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, USA, Department of Mathematics, University of California, Berkeley, Science Technology Center Reactivelectron of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 83049 Donetsk, Ukraine, Shangdong University, ISIR, Osaka Univ., NIMS, MI2I, NIMS, MI2I, U. of Waterloo, Tulane U., NC State, Idaho National Laboratory, Ohio Univ. / Argonne National Lab., CEMES, CNRS, Toulouse, Ohio Univ., Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Fachbereich Physik, Philipps-Universitaet Marburg, Benedict College, MPI-CPfS, ILL, Grenoble, Duke University Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science & Oak Ridge National Laboratory Materials Science and Technology Division, Argonne National Laboratory - Advanced Light Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory - Quantum Condensed Matter Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory - Materials Science and Technology Division, University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign, University of Science and Technology of China, Dongguk University-Seoul, Hubei University, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Alabama, AL 35487-0324, University of Oviedo and CINN, IMDEA Nanoscience, University of Oviedo, School of Physics, Nanjing University, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Semiconductor Physics, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia, Physical Institute, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL, Univ of California-Santa Cruz, National Institute of Materials Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, City College of CUNY, Laser Physics Centre, Research School of Physics and Engineering, Australian National University, Canberra, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Vilnius LT-01108, Lithuania, 3rd Physics Institute, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, GT-Lorraine; UMI 2958, Institut Nel, CNRS-Universit Grenoble Alpes; Georgia Tech, Institut Nel, CNRS-Universit Grenoble Alpes, State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Clemson Univ, Istutito Italiano di Tecnologia, Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106-5050, USA, MPI Dresden, Centre de nanoscience et nanotechnologie, Marcoussis, Laboratoire Pierre Aigrain, ENS Paris, CNRS, City College of the City University of New York, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Chemistry Division, Naval Research Laboratory, NIST - Natl Inst of Stds \& Tech, University of California - San Diego, Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC, New York University, Florida State University/National High Magnetic Field Lab, Chalk River Laboratories, NHMFL, FSU, NHMFL, LANL, LANL/NHMFL, NHMFL/FSU, James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, James Franck Institute, University of Chicago and Physics, University College London, BSS, Cavendish Lab, University of Cambridge, UK, Physics of Complex Systems and Statistical Mechanics, ULB, Belgium, Department of Physics; Bristol Centre for Functional Nanomaterials, University of Bristol, UK, NIST and Delaware U., Indiana U. and NIST, IBS Center for Soft and Living Matter, Inst for Advanced Study; Rockefeller University, Martin A School of Physics, Brandeis Unv, Levich Institute and Department of Chemical Engineering, CCNY, James Franck Institute and University of Chicago, Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd., Takasaki Advanced Radiation Research Institute, Ulm University, University of Leeds Institute for Climate and Atmospheric Science, University of Washington Atmospheric Sciences, Oklahoma University Medicine, Kyushu Univ, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, Univ of Florida, CEA-INAC-SPrAM, IBM Almaden Research Center, San Jose, California, Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The Nanos, Singapore, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland, University of Maribor, and Jozef Stefan Institute, Slovenia, University of Warsaw, Poland, U. Colorado Boulder, University of California at Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, NERSC, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of Vienna, Faculty of Physics and Center for Computational Materials Science, Sensengasse 8/12, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, J. Heyrovsk\'{y} Institute of Physical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Dolej\v{s}kova 3, CZ-18223 Prague 8, Czech Republic, Hitachi, Ltd., Murdoch University, Adolphe Merkle Institute, University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Zeiss, KIT, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA 02139, USA, Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Machine Learning Group, Technische Universit\"{a}t Berlin, ARC Centre of Excellence for Engineered Quantum Systems, School of Physics, The University of Sydney, Department of Physics, School of Materials Engineering and Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, School of Materials Engineering and Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, School of Physics, University of Sydney. Engineered Quantum Systems, ARC Centre of Excellence., National Research Council Canada, Center for Quantum Devices, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark, Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, School of Physics, UNSW Australia, University of Sherbrooke/Sandia National Labs, University of New Mexico/Sandia National Labs, Quantum Circuits, Inc., National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA, University of Birmingham, UK, National Sun Yatsen University, Taiwan, Department of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Oberlin College, Univ of Delaware, Khalifa University of Science, UAE, Mount Sinai Beth Israel, NCSR Demokritos, Greece, APS, Argonne National Lab, California State University Long Beach, Long Beach, CA 90840, University Of Winnipeg, IQM, JHU; NCNR, NIST, NCNR, NIST, IQM and Dept of Chemistry, JHU, IQM, JHU, University of California Santa Cruz, Brockhouse Institute for materials research, Neutron center for Neutron research (NIST), Universite de Sherbrooke, Neutron Scattering and Magnetism, Laboratory for Solid State Physics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, Ohio University / CNM, Argonne National Lab, Electronic Microscopy Center, Argonne National Lab, CNM, Argonne National Lab, Center for Nanoscale Materials (CNM), Argonne National Lab, Inria Paris and Department of Applied Physics, Yale University, Google and University of California, Santa Barbara, Department of Microelectronics and Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA, State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China, City College of New York, Dept. of Physics, ETH Zurich, Brookhaven National Lab., Department of Quantum Matter, University of Geneva, Brookhaven National Laboratory, USA, Academy of Sciences of Moldova, The Johns Hopkins University, USA, L2C-CNRS, Montpellier, France, CEITEC, Brno, Czech Republic, LPS-CNRS, Orsay, France, University of Geneva, Switzerland, LNCMI-CNRS, Grenoble, France, CNRS-UGA-UPS-INSA, The Johns Hopkins University, Universit\'{e} Montpellier, Masaryk University, Univ. Paris-Sud, Univ. Paris-Saclay, IOP CAS, Univ of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, Chuo University, Chungbuk National Univerity, IBS, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), University of Kentucky, Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Kentucky, Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, RASEI, University of Colorado, Boulder, Swiss Light Source, Paul Sherrer Institut, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Computational Science Research Center, Soochow Univ, Univ of Oxford, MIT;Federal Univ.Viçosa,Brazil, Giresun Univ., Turkey, MIT;JSPS,Japan;Tokyo Tech,Japan, Oak ridge National Lab, Federal Univ. of Viçosa, Brazil, MIT, Federal Univ. of Viçosa, Brazil, Technion University, Intel Corporation, Institute für Physik, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, ISSP, Univ. Tokyo, Tokyo Univ. Sci., Dep. Physics, Univ. Illinois, Max Plank POSTECH center for Complex Phase Materials, IBS-CCES, Seoul National University, Quantum Matter Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, HISKP, University of Bonn, Nussallee 14-16, D-53115 Bonn, Germany, Centre de Physique Th\'eorique, \'Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France, Electronics and Photonics Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, University of Bristol, Ames Laboratory/Iowa State University, USA, Institute of Physics, CAS, China, Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University,, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA., Ames Laboratory US DOE, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ecole Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, Palaiseau, France, Universidad Aut\'{o}noma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain, Ames Laboratory and Iowa State University, Ames, USA, Department of Applied Physics, Nagoya University, National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada, Institute for Quantum Computing, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada, Department of Physics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada, STFC Rutherford Appleton Lab, University of Bath, St. Andrews University, Ohio University/Argonne National Lab, J. Stefan Inst., SLovenia, University of Cambridge, UK, University of Sheffield, UK, University College London (UCL), UK, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, South University of Science and Technology of China, Univ of Florida - Gainesville, Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of G\"ottingen, Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, CNRS, Universit\'{e} Paris-Sud, Universit\'{e} Paris Saclay, The Institute for Solid State Physics, the University of Tokyo, RIKEN CEMS, RIKEN, RIKEN AICS, Tel Aviv University, Israel, University College Dublin, National University of Singapre, Stanford Univ. & SLAC Nat. Acc. Lab., Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, NIST, Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, NIST / Maryland NanoCenter, University of Maryland, College Park, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Portugal, IBM Almaden Research Center, Ewha Womans University, South Korea, University of Tennessee- Knoxville, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, George Washington University, Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'Information, CNRS, Central South University, KAUST, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Department of Physics, SKKU, Suwon 16419, Korea, International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 10087, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, M.N. Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics, Savannah River National Laboratory, Ural Federal University, Hanyang University, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Department of Physics, Temple University, Rice University \& Peking University, Max-Planck-Inst f\"ur Eisenforschung, Univ of Manchester, USF, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Vienna Biocenter, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes/CONICET, Universitat Regensburg, Technische Universitat Munchen, Department of Physics, Keio University, Japan, University of Nevada, Reno, The Center for Emergent Matter Science, RIKEN, Japan, Cryogenic Research Center, University of Tokyo, Japan, Center for Liberal Arts and Sciences, Ashikaga Institute of Technology, Japan, Korea Adv Inst of Sci & Tech, Wayne State Univ, National High Field Magnetic Laboratory and University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA, Imperial College, London, UK, Raymond and Beverly Sackler School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv., Racah Institute of Physics, Hebrew University, Jerusalem., AMOLF and Leiden University, Leiden University and AMOLF, Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford, Institute of Materials Strucutre Science, KEK, Japan, Technische Universit\"at Berlin, Institut f\"ur Mathematik, 10623 Berlin, Germany, Technische Universität Berlin, Department of Mathematics, University at Buffalo, SUNY, NY & US Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, The University of Texas at Dallas, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Mississippi State University, MS, 39762, USA, Sealy Center for Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch, The University of Florida, Department of Physics, Binghamton University, Materials Science and Engineering, Binghamton University, Mount Holyoke College, Physics Department, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, BASF SE, GMV/T – J542S, 67056, Germany, The University of Vermont, Angstrom Sun Technologies Inc., Washington State Universtiy, Google Brain, Fraunhofer ITWM Kaiserslautern, Germany, Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Goettingen, Germany, University of Califorina, Irvine, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), U of Washington, Ludwig-Maximillians University Munich, MPI PKS Dresden, Department of Physics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, center for theoretical biological physics, Rice university, Houston, TX 77005, Physics & Complex Systems, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI 48109-1040, Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI 48109-1040, Univ Politecnica de Catalunya, AFRL Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Louisiana Tech University, Grambling State University, Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, USA, Hitachi,Ltd., ARC CoE Advanced Molecular Imaging, La Trobe Univ, South Dakota State University, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, SISSA and ICTP Trieste, Italy, Kyokugen, Osaka University, Japan, ISTM-CNR, Universit\`{a} Milano, Italy, University of the Fraser Valley, Dept. of Mech. Eng. and Mat. Science, Duke University, Dept. of NanoEng., UCSD, Dept. of Mat. Science and Eng., NCSU, Materials Science, Electrical Engineering, Physics and Chemistry, Duke University, Department of Physics and Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, Department of Physics and Vitreous State Laboratory, The Catholic University of America, Hosei University, Muhlenberg College, NIST - Gaithersburg, Tsinghua Univ, University of Michigan, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Fuzhou University, Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico 87545, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, TU Dortmund University, Quantum condensed matter division, Oak Ridge National Lab, Brockhouse Institute for Materials Research, Univ. Kaiserslautern, Germany, Augsburg University, Germany, MPI CPfS, Dresden, EPFL, Lausanne, NICPB, Tallinn, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin, Germany, Julich Centre for Neutron Science, Garching, Germany, Ghent University, Belgium, Oxford University, UK, NHMFL, Tallahassee, Institut National des Sciences Appliqués, Toulouse, NHMFL, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Crete, University of Alabama, Department of Materials Science and Engineering & Center for Nanophysics and Advanced Materials, University of Maryland, College Park, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Indian Institute of Technology, Mandi, HP, India, School of Mathematics and Physics, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, ARC Centre of Excellence for Engineered Quantum Systems, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, UC Santa Barbara and Google Quantum Hardware, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Stanford Univ - Ginzton Lab, Princeton U., National U. of Singapore, National Tsing Hua U, U. of Zurich, Switzerland, Singapore U. of Tec. and Design, National Sun Yat-Sen U., Natl Univ of Singapore, Singapore Univ of Technology and Design, Natl Sun Yat-Sen Uni, Florida State University, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Osaka Prefecture University, Japan, University of Hyogo, Japan, RIKEN, Japan, ISSP, University of Tokyo, Japan, Rutgers University, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Rutgers University, Italian Institute of Technology, RIKEN, Center for Emergent Matter Science, Japan, HFML, Radboud Uni., Nijmegen, Netherlands, NICPB, Tallinn, Estonia, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Hungary, Natl Inst of Chem Phy & Bio, Tallinn, Estonia, Semiconductor Physics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, University of Buffalo, Department of Physics, Virginia Tech, VA and Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA, City Univ of Hong Kong, Condensed Matter Theory Center and Joint Quantum Institute, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA, Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA, IMM-CNR, Agrate Brianza Unit, Via Olivetti 2, 20864 Agrate Brianza (MB), Italy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, Center for Computing Research, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87123, Center for Condensed Matter Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Augsburg University, Department of Physics and Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA, Department of Physics and Astronomy, 6100 Main Street, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA, Natl High Magnetic Field Lab and Florida State University, University of Tennessee - Knoxville, Shangai Jiao Tong University, Niels Bohr Inst, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA, Institut für Theoretische Physik III, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany, IFW, IFF, Dresden, Germany, Xiamen University, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Xiamen University, Deptartment of Physics, Kyoto University, Department of Advanced Materials Science, The University of Tokyo, RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, NBI, U. Copenhagen, Denmark, Dept. of Physics, U. Florida, USA, Dept. of Phys. and Astr., UBC, Canada, MPI-FKF, Stuttgart, Germany, SUPA, U. St. Andrews, UK, Dept. of Phys. and Astr., Shanghai Jiao Tong U., China, CNMS, Oak Ridge Nat. Lab., USA, RWTH Aachen University, Germany, Physics Department, Temple University, Philadelphia (PA), USA, Physics Department, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago (IL), USA, Physics Department, Drexel University, Philadelphia (PA), USA, Phys. Faculty, Moscow State University; Inst. of Experimental Minerology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia, Phys. Faculty, Moscow State University; Inst. of Phys. and Tech., Ural Federal University; National University of Science and Technology MISiS, Russia, University of Massachusetts, Smith College, Department of Physics, Boston University, Department of Theoretical Physics, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science,, Univ of Maryland, San Francisco State University, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Weizmann Institute, Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, University of Chicago, Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Univ of Texas at Austin, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Department of Physics , Univ of Texas at Austin, Trent University, Laboratoire de Photonique et de Nanostructures (LPN), CNRS, Marcoussis, FRANCE, Univ Pierre et Marie Curie UPMC / ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University / CNRS, Paris, FRANCE, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh Quantum Institute, Canadian Light Source, Inc., 44 Innovation Boulevard, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 2V3, Canada, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China, Univ of Nebraska - Lincoln,Department of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China, Dept. of Physics & Astronomy, Louisiana State University, International Center for Quantum Materials, Peking University, Jeffrey Neaton Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab; UC-Berkeley; Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute at Berkeley, Chengdu Green Energy and Green Manufacturing Technology R&D Center, University of Milano Bicocca, Harvard University, Physics Department, Harvard University, Chemistry and Physics Department, Harvard University, Chemistry Department, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Academia Sinica, Taiwan, National Chiao Tung University, Taiwan, Institute Rudjer Boskovic, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Japan., Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, USA., University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China, Columbia University Physics Department, The University of Tokyo and RIKEN, TU and NIST, Walter Schottky Institute and Physics Department, Technical University of Munich, Am Coulombwall 4a, 85748 Garching, Germany., Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Pusan National Univ, Univ of Ulsan, University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, Univ. of Vienna (Austria), Vienna Univ. of Technology (Austria), Yanshan Univ. (China), Physics Department E.R. Caianiello, University of Salerno, IT, Physics Department, Sapienza University, Rome, IT, CNR-ISM, Rome, IT, CNR-IS, U.O.S. di Tor Vergata, Rome, IT; LNF, INFN, Rome, IT, MPIPKS Dresden, Tampere University of Technology, Inchoen National University, Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Incheon Natl Univ, Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA, Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences and Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA, University of Ontario Institute of Technology \& National Research Council of Canada, Cambridge University, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN and University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN and Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, QCMD, ORNL, TN, MSTD, ORNL, TN - UTK, TN, NHMFL-FSU, MSTD, ORNL, TN, QCMD, ORNL, TN - UTK, TN, Department of Physics, POSTECH, Korea, NHMFL/LANL, Center for Nanophysics and Advanced Materials, University of Maryland, Maryland, USA, Advanced Light Source, E.O. LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA, Dept. of Physics, University of British Columbia,Vancouver, Canada, Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Simon Fraser University, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin f\"{u}r Materialien und Energie, NCNR, ISSP, Japan, Max-Planck-Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, ESPCI PSL Research University, Johns Hopkins University, Northwestern University, Advanced Technology Institute, University of Surrey, UK, Department of Physics and Astronomy, San Francisco State University, Wesleyan University, PMMH-ESPCI, PARISTECH, CNRS et Université Paris-Sud, Orsay, Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Gulliver UMR 7083 ESPCI, PMMH, UMR7636 ESPCI, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Dept. of Physics, Georgetown University \& Harvey Mudd College, Dept. of Physics \& Astronomy, Northwestern University, the University of Tokyo, RIKEN, Department of applied chemistry, Waseda University, Energy Technologies Area, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, NIST/Indiana University, Sumitomo Rubber Industries Ltd., NIST NCNR, Clemson University, FU Berlin, Newcastle University, The University of Delaware, City University of New York, Hunter College, Univ. of Wisconsin-Madison, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, MEMS Department, Duke University, Dept. of Mathematics, Duke Univ., Dept. of Mathematics, UC Berkeley, Dept. of Materials, Imperial College London, MEMS Dept., Duke Univ., IBM, Institute of Science and Technoloy Austria, Rockefeller University, University of Northern Iowa, UC Merced, Harvard Medical School, CNRS, Grenoble, France, University of L'Aquila, Italy, Harvard University; University of California, Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab; University of California, Berkeley, University of Colorado, USA, Beijing Computational Science Research Center, China, Temple University, USA, Jilin University, China, Intermolecular Inc., Exabyte Inc., University of Ontario, Institute of Technology, National Research Council of Canada, Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Photonics Laboratory, ETH Zurich, Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Elétrica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogota, QuICS, University of Maryland, NTT, Northrop Grumman - Baltimore, Google, Venice, Google Quantum A.I. Lab, UC - Santa Barbara, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Research Laboratory for Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MIT Lincoln Laboratory; Research Laboratory for Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, NASA Ames, Universita di Parma, UPV/EHU & IKERBASQUE, Universidade do Porto, UPV/EHU, Dept. of Physics, National Tsing Hua Univ., Taiwan, Graduate Institute of Applied Physics and Dept. of Physics, National Taiwan Univ., Taiwan, S.U.N.Y.-Oswego, Laboratory for Neutron Scattering and Imaging, Paul Scherrer Institute, Deapartment of Physics, Boston University, Chinese academy of science, Laboratoire National des Champs Magn\'{e}tiques Intenses, France, Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, IA, USA, IBM TJ Watson Research Center, UC Irvine, University of Minnesota, CEMS, University of Denver, Technical University Dresden, Walther-Meissner Institute, Institut quantique, Universit\'{e} de Sherbrooke, QISP CIFAR, Institut quantique, Universit\'{e} de Sherbrooke, Sandia National Laboratories, University of New-Mexico, Sandia National Laboratories, Universit\'{e} de Sherbrooke, The University of Sydney, Centre for Engineered Quantum Systems, School of Physics, The University of Sydney, Australia, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Birck Nanotechnology Center, and Station Q Purdue, Purdue University, USA, Center for Quantum Devices, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Denmark, Center for Quantum Devices, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Denmark., Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, USA, Sandia National Laboratories, USA, Dept. of Appl. Phys. and CRISP, Yale Univ., Dept. of Chem. & Envir. Eng. and CRISP, Yale Univ., Dept. of Mech. Eng. & Mat. Sci., Chem. & Envir. Eng., and CRISP, Yale Univ., Dept. of Mech. Eng. & Mat. Sci. and CRISP, Yale Univ., Dept. of Phys. and CRISP, Yale Univ., Materials Science, Electrical Engineering, Physics and Chemistry, Duke University, Durham NC, 27708, USA, Department of Physics and Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, Denton TX, USA, Department of Physics, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48858, USA, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA, The City College of New York, CUNY, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112 USA, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Department of Physics, University of British Columbia, Department of Physics, University of Texas at Dallas, Institute of Theoretical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Riverside, Electron Microscopy Laboratory, School of Physics, Peking University, Department of Material Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, USCD, Unite Mixte de Physique CNRS/Thales and Universite Paris-Sud, 91767 Palaiseau, France, ICMOL, Universitat de Valencia, 46980 Paterna, Spain, Unité Mixte de Physique CNRS/Thales, Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel 76100, Royal Holloway, Univ of London, Institute for Theoretical Physics, ETH Zurich, Computer Science and Mathematics Division and Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Insitutute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Exp. Physics VI, U. Augsburg, Germany, Forschungszentrum J\"ulich, Germany, Indian Inst. of Technology, Kanpur, India, NRL, Washington, DC, USA, Unite Mixte de Physique CNRS/Thales, France, Universite Paris Sud, France, CEA, DEN, France, California Instititute of Technology, Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, Université Paris-Sud, Theoretical Materials Physics, University of Liège, Department of Materials, Imperial College London, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Netherlands, University College London, London Centre for Nanotechnology, UK, CNR-IOM UOS Cagliari, S.P. Monserrato-Sestu Km.0,700, Monserrato (Ca) 09042, Italy, Radboud Univ Nijmegen, cornell, twente, Max Planck Inst, michigan, Department of Physics, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 106, Taiwan, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA, Aivon Oy, Finland, VTT Technical Research Centre, Finland, Lancaster University, UK, Physics Department and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, Instituto de Fisica, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Department of Physics and Department of Applied Physics, Columbia University, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Graphene Labs, and NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, Italy, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and School of Materials Engineering, and School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, Cardiff University, Carnegie Geophysical Lab, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC, LLNL, Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, Detches Electronen-Synchrotron, European XFEL, Univ of Oslo, Pusan National University, Pusan, Jilin University, Cambridge Graphene Centre, University of Cambridge, Applied Physics Program, Northwestern University, Tokyo Electron Ltd., Department of Physics and Nanoscience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China, South China University of Technology, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Georgia Institute of Technology; Institut N\'{e}el, Universit\'{e} Grenoble Alpes-CNRS, Institut N\'{e}el, Universit\'{e} Grenoble Alpes-CNRS, Georgia Institute of Technology; Charles University, Institute for Physical Research, National Academy of Sciences, Ashtarak 0203, Armenia, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (JAIST), Japan, Forschungszentrum Juelich and JARA, Germany, University of Tokyo, Japan, Ecole Polytechnique, France, Technical University of Vienna, Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, National Center of Theoretical Science, Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Station Q Purdue, Purdue University, Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics and Institute for Advanced Computational Science, Stony Brook University, Department of Chemistry and Center for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, P. R. China, Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA, Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA, Zhejiang Univ, University of New Mexico, Univ. of Tennessee Knoxville and ORNL, Laboratoire Leon Brillouin, Universita di Messina, UOS di Messina, Department of Physics, Wesleyan University, Middletown, CT 06459, Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, National Chung Hsing University, Berkeley Lab, ., Kent State universeity, University of Maribor, Jozef Stefan Institute, Slovenia, Slippery Rock Univ, Brandeis Univ, Technische Universität München, Max Planck Institute (MPIDS) and Nottingham Trent University, Max Planck Institute (MPIDS), Physics department, University of Santiago., Saarland U, MPI Gottingen, MPI Göttingen, Saarland U, NJIT, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Material Sciences, Yale University, Department of Physics and Benjamin Levich Institute, The City College of the City, University of New York, LMU Munich, Technical University Munich, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and University of California, University of Maryland--College Park, Merck Chemicals Ltd., The Pennsylvania State Univeristy, TU Muenchen, Munich School of Engineering, Germany, Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Berlin, Germany, TU Muenchen, Physik-Department, LS Funktionelle Materialien, Germany, IBS Center for Soft and Living Matter, UNIST, South Korea, Stanford university, Ludwig-Maximilians Universitaet, Munich, Technische Universität Dresden, Technische Universität Dortmund, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Condensed matter theory center, University of Maryland, Cal. State, Northridge, ETH Zurich, Swiss National Supercomputing Center, Swiss National Supercomputing Center, University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, CACS, Depts. of Physics & Astronomy, Computer Science, and Chemical Engg. and Material Science, USC, CACS, Dept. of Physics & Astronomy, Cray, RPI, Dalhousie Univ, Third Institute of Physics - Georg August University, Goettingen, The University of Aberdeen, Department of Physics, University of Oregon, Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Experimentelle Physik II, Universitaet Wuerzburg, Germany, Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland, Institut fuer Theoretische Physik, Universitaet Wuerzburg, Germany, Physik-Institut, Universitaet Zuerich, Switzerland, Inst. for Theor. Physics III, Ruhr University Bochum, Deparment of Physics and Francis Bitter Magnet Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Steacie Institute for Molecular Science, National Research Council of Canada, Lyman Laboratory of Physics, Harvard University, European Spallation Source, Lund, Sweden, Spallation Neutron Source , Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 2Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 P3H, United Kingdom, Graz Univ of Technology, CSU Northridge, Department of Chemistry, Northridge, CA 91330, USA, Beijing CSCR, Beijing 100193, China, Univ. Vienna, Faculty of Physics, A-1090 Vienna, Austria, UC Santa Barbara, Dept. of Earth Science, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA, UC Santa Barbara, Dept. Earth Science, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA, Univ. Houston, Dept. Chemistry, Houston, TX 77204 USA., Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Solid State Phys, Key Lab Mat Phys, Hefei 230031, China, Linköping University, Mat. Sci., Elec. Eng., Phy. & Chem., Duke University, Eng. & Appl. Sci., Harvard University, Mech. Eng. & Mat. Sci., Yale University, Mech. Eng. & Mat. Sci., Duke University, Technische Universit\"at Berlin, Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Institute for Quantum Computing, Univ of Innsbruck, UMass Boston, Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas (CBPF), University of Bern, Durham University, Eastern Washington University, HLD-EMFL, NHMFL, Los Alamos, Warwick University, National Chengchi University, Dept. of Physics, Fudan Univ., Univ of Texas - Dallas, Univ. of Tennessee; ORNL, Max-Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Max-Planck Institut für Mikrostrukturphysik, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University. Columbus, OH 43210., College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China., Department of Physics, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran, Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China., Department of Physics, Faculty of science, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, 88186-34141, Iran, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, 81746-73441, Iran, Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe, University of Tokyo, Max-Planck-Institut für Physik komplexer Systeme, Univ of Calgary, Universitaet Wuerzburg, Universität Würzburg (Germany), Ames Laboratory, Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, Ames Laboratory, Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Nanjing University (China), Universit\'{e} Paris-Saclay, France, Ecol\'{e} Polytechnique, France, City College of New York - CUNY, University of Tokyo, RIKEN Center for emergent Matter Science (CEMS), RIKEN Center for emergent Matter Science (CEMS), the University of Tokyo, School of physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory/Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Florida State University, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory/ Department of Physics, Florida State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Trinity College, University of Illinois at Urbana—Champaign, U Tennessee, Knoxville, U Chicago, OIST, Leibniz Inst. SSMR, MPI-CPS, Gakushuin Univ, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University. Columbus OH 43210, Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University. Columbus OH 43210, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, Univ of California - Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Oak Ridge National Lab and Univ of Tennessee, Knoxville, ISIS Facility, RAL, DGIST, Max Plank POSTECH, Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Tulane University, Chalmers University of Technology, Yale University Applied Physics, ESPCI Paris, Universität zu Köln, Université Paris Didérot, ESPCI Paris & Universität zu Köln, NTT Basic Research Labs, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, IBM Korea, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, SSRL, SLAC National Laboratory, SIMES, SLAC National Laboratory, SLAC National Laboratory, Department de Physique, Ecole Polytechnique F ́ed ́erale de Lausanne, Department of Physics, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA, Départment de Physique, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland, Brookhaven National Lab, Upton, New York 11973, USA, SUNY, Albany, Ames Laboratory, Ames, Iowa, Universit\'{e} de Gen\`{e}ve, CH-1211 Gen\`{e}ve 4, Switzerland, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, Center for Nanophysics and Advanced Materials, Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Weizmann Inst, State Univ of NY - Buffalo, Institute of Materials Structure Science, Ibaraki University, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA,USA, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway NJ, Applied Superconductivity Center, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA, Department of Physics, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA, IFW-Dresden, School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University, SUNY at Buffalo, Laboratoire de Physique Theorique, Ecole Normale Superieure, CNRS, PSL Research University, Sorbonne Universites, College of William and Mary, Univ. of Pittsburgh, United States Naval Research Laboratory, SUNY Polytechnic Institute, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, UC Merced, CA, Department of Physics, National Tsing-Hua University, University of Michigan-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Stanford University, Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Stanford University, Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, Univeristy of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, University of Bern, Switzerland, Chuo University, Japan, Centro de Fisica de Materiales CSIC-UPV/EHU, Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC) and Ikerbasque, Institut de Ciencia de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, PUC-RJ, Brazil, Unicamp, Brazil, Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Brazil, Univ Fed Juiz de Fora, Brazil, INMETRO, Brazil, Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Ames Laboratory and Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC) and IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Spain, Center for Nanostructured Graphene, Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, DTU, Denmark, Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA, Institute for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA, Centre for Nanometer-Scale Science and Advanced Materials (NANOSAM), Jagiellonian Univ., Krakow, Poland, DIPC and IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain, Lorentz Institute, Leiden University, California State University, Los Angeles, Hunan University, Bochum University, Washington Univ, Bloomberg L.P., Technische Universit\"at Chemnitz, Loughborough Univ, STFC Rutherford Appleton Lab. UK, Kent State Univ - Kent, OH, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, School of Physics, Beihang University, Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory, National Synchrotron Light Source, Ames Laboratory, US DOE, Ames Laboratory of US Department of Energy, Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, AB24 3UE Scotland, United Kingdom, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea, Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program \& Liquid Crystal Institute, Kent State Univ, Kent Ohio, Physics Department, Kent State University, CPIP \& LCI, ETH Zurich, California Institute of Technology, University of Bologna, University of Science and Tech of China, Department of Physics and Benjamin Levich Institute, The City College of the City University of New York, Department of Mathematics and Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA., Department of Physics, Walter Schottky Institute, and Institute for Advanced Study, Technical University Munich, Institute for Theoretical Physics, ETH Zurich; Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Zurich, Department of Physics, Harvard University; ITAMP, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Superior School of Technology, Moulay Ismail University, Meknes, Morocco, Laboratory of Engineering Sciences,Polydisciplinary Faculty,Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fes, Morocco, ICCAS, Imperial College London, Thomas Young Centre, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Department of Physics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, Fiber and Polymer Science, College of Textiles, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, Keio Univ., AIST, J-Parc, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, Center of Computation and Technology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, Department of Computer Science, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, IUPUI, Indiana Univ. School of Medicine, Biomedical Eng., IUPUI, Stony Brook Univ.,, Universit\'e Paris Diderot, University of Hong Kong, University of Hong Kong Shenzhen, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Stanford University, California, Insitute of Medical Biology, Singapore; Stanford University, California, Univ Paris-Sud, Orsay, Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK, Center for Nonlinear Phenomena and Complex Systems, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium, Dept of Phys, Natl Sun Yat-Sen Univ, Middle Tennessee State University
