Realization of a Quantum Random Generator Certified with the Kochen-Specker Theorem

Random numbers are required for a variety of applications from secure communications to Monte-Carlo simulation. Yet randomness is an asymptotic property and no output string generated by a physical device can be strictly proven to be random. I will present an experimental realization of a quantum random number generator (QRNG) with randomness certified by quantum contextuality and the Kochen-Specker theorem. The certification is not performed in a device-independent way but through a rigorous theoretical proof of each outcome being value indefinite even in the presence of experimental imperfections. Our realization is based on cavity QED and transmon type qutrit. The coherent control and the single-shot quantum non-demolition readout enabled by the Josephson parametric amplifier has been recently used to demonstrate contextuality of the transmon based qutrit, the resource underlying the operation of the QNRG. We extend this technique to enable three-level single-shot non-demolition readout required by the protocol and we generate 10 GBit of raw data with the bitrate of 50 kBit/s. The generated data passes the standard statistical test suites. Analysis of the data with tests related to the algorithmic randomness of a sequence provides evidence of incomputable nature of the QNRG.