Hybrid polariton bands and its polarization dependence in an organic-dye-doped nanostructure

In this work, we demonstrate polarization-dependent strong coupling between surface plasmon polaritons(SPPs) and excitons in the J-aggregates attached plasmonic aperture array. It is shown that the excitons strongly couple with the polarization-dependent SPPs, and Rabi splittings are consequently observed. As a result, the polarization-dependent polariton bands are generated in the system. Increasing the incident angle, the polaritons disperse to higher energies under transverse-electric (TE) illumination; while the polaritons disperse to lower energies under transverse-magnetic (TM) illumination. Therefore, at different polarization incidence, we experimentally achieve distinct polaritons with opposite dispersion directions. Furthermore, we find that the dispersion properties of the polaritons inherit from both the SPPs and the excitons. Besides, we also experimentally present the hybrid coupling among molecular excitons, SPPs, and Fabry-Perot (FP) mode in a nanostructured cavity, where a J-aggregates doped PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) layer is inserted between a silver grating and a thick silver film. Our investigation may inspire related studies on tunable photon-exciton interactions and achieve some potential applications on active polariton devices.