Opportunities and Challenges in Quantum-Assisted Machine Learning

With quantum computing technologies nearing the era of commercialization and quantum advantage, machine learning (ML) has been proposed as one of the promising ``killer" applications. Despite significant effort, there has been a disconnect between most quantum ML proposals, the needs of ML practitioners, and the capabilities of near-term quantum devices towards a conclusive demonstration of a meaningful quantum advantage in the near future. In this talk, we provide concrete examples of intractable ML tasks that could be enhanced with near-term devices. We argue that to reach this target, the focus should be on areas where ML researchers are struggling, such as generative models in unsupervised and semi-supervised learning, instead of the popular and more tractable supervised learning tasks. We focus on hybrid quantum-classical approaches and illustrate some of the key challenges we foresee for near-term implementations.