Two-dimensional electrons electrostatically confined on the surface of graphite

ORAL

Abstract

In the bulk of a crystal, charge carriers are described by the Bloch states. At the crystal surface, the lattice periodicity is disrupted transforming itinerant Bloch waves to evanescent states. While easily accessible in semiconductors due to the presence of band gap, surface states are prohibited in gapless metals due to the presence of massive Fermi sea. Here, using capacitance spectroscopy, we show that two-dimensional (2D) charge carriers can be confined on the surface of graphite and electronically decoupled from the bulk simply by electrostatic gating. In the presence of a magnetic field, perpendicular to graphite basal plane, the Landau bands of bulk graphite render to evanescent Landau levels, which, in high magnetic fields, show electron-electron interactions including fractional quantum Hall states and negative electronic compressibility. Our work provides an experimentally convenient and highly tunable system for exploring bulk-surface correspondence.

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Presenters

  • Jun Yin

    School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, School of physics and astronomy, the University of Manchester, Physics and Astronomy, The University of Manchester

Authors

  • Jun Yin

    School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, School of physics and astronomy, the University of Manchester, Physics and Astronomy, The University of Manchester

  • Sergey Slizovskiy

    School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, School of physics and astronomy, the University of Manchester

  • Sheng Hu

    School of physics and astronomy, the University of Manchester

  • Yang Cao

    School of physics and astronomy, the University of Manchester

  • Inna Lobanova

    Laboratoire National des Champs Magnétiques Intenses, France

  • Benjamin Piot

    Laboratoire National des Champs Magnétiques Intenses, France

  • Takashi Taniguchi

    National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305 0044, Japan, National Institute for Materials Science, Advanced Materials Laboratory, National Institute for Materials Science, , 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan, National Institute for Material Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, National Institute of Materials Science, NIMS, Japan, Advanced Materials Laboratory, NIMS, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Japan, Advanced Materials Laboratory, National Institute for Materials Science, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), NIMS Tsukuba, NIMS, National Institute for Material Science, National Institute for Materials Science, Japan, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Japan, National Institute for Materials Science , Japan, Advanced Materials Laboratory, National Institute for Materials Science, Japan, Advanced Materials Laboratory, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305- 0044, Japan, National Institute for Material Science - Japan, National Institute for Materials Science, Namiki Tsukuba Ibaraki, Japan, National Institute of Material Science, Advanced Material Lab, NIMS, Advanced Materials Laboratory, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Japan, Advanced Materials Laboratory, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, National Institute for Materials Science, NIMS/Tsukuba, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, 305-0044 Japan, National Institute for Materials Science, Namiki, 305-0044, Japan, National Institute for Material Science, Japan, Advanced Materials Laboratory, NIMS, Japan, Advanced Materials Labaratory, National Institute for Materials Science, National Institute of Material Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 205-0044, Japan, National Institute of Materials Science, Japan

  • Kenji Watanabe

    National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305 0044, Japan, Advanced Materials Laboratory, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan, National Institute for Materials Science, Advanced Materials Laboratory, National Institute for Materials Science, , 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan, National Institute for Material Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, National Institute of Materials Science, NIMS, Japan, Advanced Materials Laboratory, NIMS, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Japan, National Institute for Materials Science, Japan, Advanced Materials Laboratory, National Institute for Materials Science, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), NIMS Tsukuba, National Institute for Materials Science (Japan), NIMS, National Institute for Material Science, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Japan, National Institute for Materials Science , Japan, National Institute for Materials Science, Namiki 1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan., Advanced Materials Laboratory, National Institute for Materials Science, Japan, Advanced Materials Laboratory, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305- 0044, Japan, National Institute for Material Science - Japan, National Institute for Materials Science, Namiki Tsukuba Ibaraki, Japan, National Institute of Material Science, Advanced Material Lab, NIMS, Advanced Materials Laboratory, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Japan, Advanced Materials Laboratory, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, National Institute for Materials Science, NIMS/Tsukuba, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, 305-0044 Japan, National Institute for Materials Science, Namiki, 305-0044, Japan, National Institute for Material Science, Japan, Advanced Materials Laboratory, NIMS, Japan, Columbia University, Advanced Materials Labaratory, National Institute for Materials Science, National Institute of Material Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 205-0044, Japan, National Institute of Materials Science, Japan

  • Kostya Novoselov

    School of physics and astronomy, the University of Manchester, Physics and Astronomy, The University of Manchester, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK

  • Andre Geim

    School of physics and astronomy, the University of Manchester, Physics and Astronomy, The University of Manchester, School of Physics & Astronomy, University of Manchester, School of Physics, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom

  • Vladimir Falko

    School of physics and astronomy, the University of Manchester, University of Manchester, UK, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, School of Physics & Astronomy, University of Manchester, National Graphene Institute

  • Artem Mishchenko

    School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, School of physics and astronomy, the University of Manchester, Physics and Astronomy, The University of Manchester, School of Physics & Astronomy, University of Manchester