Magnetic and electronic properties for rare-earth metals intercalated in bilayer graphene

In this study, we examine the interaction of Dirac fermions and bosons, we investigated the electronic and magnetic properties of rare-earth-metal intercalated in bilayer graphene. Using density functional theory, we determined the electronic structure, density of states, magnetic moment, and total energy for lanthanum (La), gadolinium (Gd), holmium (Ho), and erbium (Er) in a honeycomb configuration. An analysis of the total energy and magnetic structure, shows that the Gd and Ho substitutions obtain a FM ground state, while the La and Er substitutions have an AFM ground state, which means that Gd and Ho layered sandwiches may have possible Dirac boson interactions. The electronic structure provides information on Dirac fermionic interactions. We find that the presence of rare-earth materials shifts the Dirac cone in the electronic structure into the valence band, and while Lanthanum does not provide any f-orbital interactions, Gd, Ho, and Er have strong f-orbital characteristics. However, this seems to be at the expense of the Dirac fermionic cone.