Effects of clonal interference on adaptation in a fixed fitness landscape

Adaptation in a fixed environment, where as a population evolves its fitness increases, is typically thought of as a hill climbing process
on a fitness landscape. On a fitness-parameterized landscape, the fitness trajectory depends on the statistics of mutation effects and
how they vary with current fitness ('macroscopic epistasis'). Results on fitness-parameterized landscapes are typically obtained in the
strong selection, weak mutation regime, where mutations fix or go extinct sequentially. In a large population, while the phenomenon of clonal interference is known to slow down the rate of evolution, it is unclear how the shape of the fitness trajectory is affected. Here, we
investigate the effects of clonal interference on fitness evolution on various fitness landscapes, including ones that explicitly takes into
account microscopic epistasis between mutation sites.