Hadron dynamics in one dimensional quantum electrodynamics using digital quantum computers

The dynamics of composite particles, ``hadrons", is simulated in one-dimensional lattice quantum electrodynamics using digital quantum computers. This simulation involves the local creation of hadrons on top of the vacuum, which are evolved forward in time. The preparation of the initial state on an array of qubits is done with the SC-ADAPT-VQE algorithm recently developed by the authors. This work uses charge screening and the Lieb-Robinson bound to develop efficient and scalable techniques for time evolution. End-to-end simulations of hadron dynamics are performed on IBM’s superconducting quantum computer and compared to classical tensor network simulations.