Liouvillian skin effect induced by strong interactions

Motivated by the recent experimental success in introducing strong correlations and particle losses in ultracold atoms, we investigate the role of interactions in an open quantum system. Specifically, our analysis of a one-dimensional correlated model with a two-body loss reveals that complex-valued interactions induce the Liouvillian skin effect, which demonstrates a strong dependence of eigenmodes and eigenvalues on boundary conditions. Furthermore, we define the topological invariant by using the Liouvillian superoperator and numerically confirm that it captures the Liouvillian skin effect. The presence of the Liouvillian skin effect leads to the accumulation of particles in transient regions. Our work provides a way to realize topological phenomena in an open quantum system arising from interactions.