Collective mechanics of shoaling fish

Biological systems exhibit fascinating collective behaviors not observed in passive systems. Classic examples of this include the flocking of birds and the schooling of fish, where local interactions between individuals lead to large scale collective behavior. To learn more about how these groups behave and whether we can exhibit control or programmability, we experimentally observe shoals of fish within the lab and use image analysis techniques to identify and track fish within dynamic groups. We identify local structures formed within groups, and we identify how these structures deform and rearrange, making parallels to soft materials.