Qubit Readout Techniques for Donor-Based Quantum Architectures in Silicon

Donor-based qubits in silicon are a promising architecture for quantum information science. As with all qubit architectures, the ability to readout the qubit state is a crucial requirement. Typically, the charge state of the donor is determined by measuring current through a nearby charge sensor that is coupled to the donor. That measurement is then paired with spin-to-charge conversion that allows for the inference of the donor electron spin state. More recently, other techniques for detecting tunneling events in these systems have also been developed for use in spin-based quantum information systems. In this talk, I will discuss our efforts to implement various techniques in our lab, including gate and ohmic reflectometry techniques as well as typical electron transport methods.