Manganese Chromium Nitride Thin Film Synthesis via Molecular Beam Epitaxy

Transition metal nitrides have exceptional properties and are used in a wide variety of electrochemical, structural, photochemical, and plasmonic applications. Among these compounds Mn- and Cr- nitrides have shown exceptional potential for magnetic sensing and spintronics. The Mn_xN_y system is complex with several different metastable phases both predicted and experimentally realized. Cr_xN_y has two primary phases, cubic (CrN) and hexagonal (Cr₂N), which exhibit desirable mechanical, thermal, wear, anti-corrosion, thermoelectric properties. Recent studies have provided valuable insights into the growth and formation of phases of both materials using various vapor deposition techniques. However, there are conflicting reports on the electrical and magnetic properties of Cr_xN_y which could be attributed to impurities, nitrogen vacancies, substrate effects, and strain. This controversy calls for a more detailed study and preparation of high-quality monocrystalline CrN to investigate he intrinsic physical properties. This study uses molecular beam epitaxy to synthesize epitaxial thin films of different Mn-N and Cr-N phases. The electrical and magnetic properties of these films are investigated with the rocksalt MnN and CrN both showing metallic behavior, with the latter showing a magnetic transition ~280K. However, when combining these materials at similar growth conditions, instead of maintaining the rocksalt structure, a new ternary cubic phase of Mn_xCr_yN is obtained which potentially shows a narrow-gap semiconducting behavior. This work presents an avenue for the epitaxial integration of metallic, magnetic, and semiconductor materials.