A Novel High Throughput Experimental Assay for Studying Distance Estimation

Visual distance estimation is a common and important task for survival and reproduction for both vertebrates and invertebrates. Nevertheless, it is primarily studied within vertebrates, particularly in primates, with large brains where neurons can be difficult to access. On the other hand, existing experimental assays used for probing distance estimation in invertebrates have tended to be low throughput. As a result, our understanding of the biological implementation of distance estimation at the level of complete neuronal circuits is limited. Here, we present a novel experimental assay that leverages a simply engineered rig and machine learning tools to provide a high throughput means of probing the neuronal underpinnings of distance estimation in insects. By combining this assay with common tools and techniques in neuroscience, we can dissect the visual circuits that detect distance in the small insect brain. Our results will reveal algorithms that generate distance estimates, their implementation in visual circuits, and what visual features contribute to visual distance estimation.