The icy landscape of planet-forming disks: new constraints from combined JWST and laboratory measurements

Planets form by accreting gas, dust, and ice within protoplanetary disks. The composition and distribution of ices across the disk strongly influences the chemical and physical outcomes of planet formation. Excitingly, with JWST it is now possible to probe the composition and mixing status of ices in disks for the first time. I will describe our recent progress retrieving disk ice abundances and mixing conditions using radiative transfer models along with a new library of laboratory spectra of ice mixtures. This is providing new insight into the formation conditions, thermal history, and distribution of icy planet-forming solids in disks.