Accurate real-time feedback quantum control with reinforcement learning

Reinforcement learning (RL) has been used in recent years to achieve quantum control in complex and counterintuitive nonlinear problems. However, continuous measurement-based feedback control (MBFC) faces a major challenge due to measurement noise, which makes it difficult to accurately and quickly train RL agents and achieve accurate control over noisy measurement data[1]. Here we present a method for real-time stochastic state estimation that overcomes this hurdle and enables noise-resistant tracking of the conditional dynamics, including the full density matrix of the quantum system[2]. This facilitates a faster training process and accurate discovery of control strategies for the RL agent based on any conditional observable means, including the full conditional density matrix, which is usually not readily and accurately determined in practical real-time experiments.

[1] S. Borah, B. Sarma, M. Kewming, G. Milburn and J. Twamley, Phys. Rev. Lett. 127, 190403 (2021)

[2] S. Borah and B. Sarma, https://arxiv.org/abs/2301.07254