Irreversibility Measure by Utilizing the Quantum Fluctuation Theorem of One-Time Measurement Scheme

In this presentation, we present the application of the quantum fluctuation theorem of the one-time measurement scheme in characterizing the irreversibility. By computing the Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence of the work distribution of the forward process with respect to that of the backward process in the one-time measurement scheme, we demonstrate that the excess work is the sum of the KL divergence and the information contribution of the conditional thermal state which is quantified by the quantum relative entropy of the conditional thermal state with respect to the Gibbs state. Also, we demonstrate that the KL divergence can be computed by using a quantum computer and used to prepare the conditional thermal state that outperforms the Gibbs state in low-temperature thermometry.