Elephant in the room: overlooked plasma-destroying reaction with cross section10$^{12}$ times that for fusion necessitates redesign of ITER*
ORAL
Abstract
Existence of \textit{charge transfer} collisions (CT) was overlooked in ITER design [1,2] although CT cross section [3], $\sigma_{\mathrm{CT}}$ $\sim$ 10$^{9}$ b, is $\sim$ 10$^{12}$ times that for fusion, $\sigma_{\mathrm{DT}}$ $\sim$ mb, at T $=$ 10 KeV. CT de-confines plasma by neutralizing ions. Since $\sigma _{\mathrm{CT}} = $ 100 $\sigma_{\mathrm{IO}}$, ion $\tau _{\mathrm{CT}}$ $\sim$ $\tau_{\mathrm{E}} = $ 3x10$^{-7}$ s \textless \textless thermalization time $\sim$ 0.1 s; \underline {plasma cannot form}. $\tau _{\mathrm{E}}$ $\sim$ 1 s requires operating vacuum p $\sim$ 10$^{-9}$ torr, base 10$^{-11}$ torr. CT oversight brings 4 serious but corrigible errors: --Operating at T $=$ 10-30 KeV below Critical ion energy [4,5] E$_{\mathrm{c}}$ $\sim$ 200 KeV, CT prevents plasma formation [6]. Above E$_{\mathrm{c}}$, ion dominates $\tau_{\mathrm{E}} = $ 24 s achieved [8] with 700 KeV D$^{+}$.--No UHV system; base 10$^{-7}$ torr$^{2}$. Based on tenet that $\sigma _{\mathrm{CT}}$/$\sigma_{\mathrm{io}}$ $\sim$ 10$^{2}$, opposite to measured [3] $\sigma _{\mathrm{CT}}$/ $\sigma_{\mathrm{io}}$ $\sim$ 10$^{2}$, ionization \textit{by itself}, acts as UHV ion pump; data show it is compressor.--Neutral injection of 10$^{22}$ D/T s$^{-1}$ will result in pressure $\sim$ 1 torr, a ``poison.''--ITER goal n$\tau $ $\sim$ 10$^{20}$ m$^{-3}$ s$^{-1}$ presented as Lawson [9] is ``1{\%} burn-up'' criterion; real n$\tau $ $\sim$ 10$^{22}$ m$^{3}$s$^{-1}$. *Preprint presented to Fusion Energy Sci. Committee, USDOE 11/11/14. $^{\dag}$Deceased [1] Nucl. Fusion \underline {49} 065012 (2009). [2] \textit{Pumping Systems for ITER}, 3/01 (2001). [3] Physics Scripta, 23, 143 (81). [4] Evid. Crit. Energy, \underline {www.world-scientific-education.net} [5] Ibid Am. Phys. Soc. March Meeting 2015, Abstract T34.00004. [6] Exp. Evidence Absence Thermonuc. Fus. Power prod. In TFTR, \underline {www.world-scientific-education.net}. [7] \textit{Phys. Rev. Lett.} \underline {54}, 769 (85). [8] NIM A 271 1-288 (88). [9] Proc. Phys. Soc. B70, 6, (57).
–
Authors
-
Tim Hester
California Science \& Engineering Corporation (CASLEC), California Science \& Engineering Corporation (CALSEC)
-
Tim Hester
California Science \& Engineering Corporation (CASLEC), California Science \& Engineering Corporation (CALSEC)
-
Tim Hester
California Science \& Engineering Corporation (CASLEC), California Science \& Engineering Corporation (CALSEC)