A Correlation of Magnitudes, Color and Redshift in Cosmologically Distant Type 1a Supernovae

We independently explore the Union 2.1 data set (Supernova Cosmology Project) of 580 type 1a supernovae. We find a correlation of very high statistical significance between supernova color $\times$ redshift and distance modulus residuals relative to the standard cosmological model. We find a Pearson correlation coefficient $r_{SN} =-0.521$, which is more than 13 standard deviations ($\sigma$) away from the mean obtained by Monte-Carlo simulations with random data shuffling. We find that adding one parameter to the standard magnitude vs redshift relation improves the value of $\chi ^{2}$ by more than 50 units. The updated Dark Energy and matter density parameters, assuming a flat universe are $\Omega _\Lambda =0.74\pm 0.013$ and $\Omega _m =0.260\pm 0.013$. The trend of the correlation is that distant supernovae become redder as a function of redshift by a rule which cannot be fit by the standard Cosmology.