Directed Fluid Transport with Biomimetic ``Silia'' Arrays

ORAL

Abstract

We present results on the long-range, directed fluid transport produced by the collective beating of arrays of biomimetic ``silia.'' Silia are arrays of free-standing nanorods roughly the size of biological cilia, which we fabricate from a polymer-magnetic nanoparticle composite material. With external permanent magnets we actuate our silia such that their motion mimics the beating of biological cilia. Biological cilia have evolved to produce microscale fluid transport and are increasingly being recognized as critical components in a wide range of biological systems. However, despite much effort cilia generated fluid flows remain an area of active study. In the last decade, cilia-driven fluid flow in the embryonic node of vertebrates has been implicated as the initial left-right symmetry breaking event in these embryos. With silia we generate directional fluid transport by mimicking the tilted conical beating of these nodal cilia and seek to answer open questions about the nature of particle advection in such a system. By seeding fluorescent microparticles into the fluid we have noted the existence of two distinct flow regimes. The fluid flow is directional and coherent above the tips of the silia, while between the silia tips and floor particle motion is complicated and suggestive of chaotic advection.

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Authors

  • A.R. Shields

    Dept. of Physics - UNC - Chapel Hill

  • Jaetae Seo

    NC A\&T State University, Penn State University, The Ohio State University, Wright State University, AFRL/RYHC Hanscom AFB MA 01731, Harvard University, The College of William \& Mary, NCSU Near-field Optics Lab, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Weizmann, PTB, Braunschweig, UMass, TUNL/Duke, UConn, UConn/TUNL, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina State University, Brimrose Corporation of America, Hampton University, Elizabeth City State University, Department of Physics, Florida A\&M University, Tallahassee, Florida-32307, Department of Physics, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh, Department of Physics, University of Rajshahi, Rajshah-6205, Bangladesh, Department of Physics, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6250, Bangladesh, Department of Physics, University of Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh, Alabama A\&M University, Fachbereich C-Mathematik und Naturwissen-Schaften, Bergische Universitat Wuppertal, D-42097, Wuppertal, Germany, NC State University, College of William and Mary, Department of Physics, N.C. State Univeristy, Research Triangle Institute, NCSU Physics, Pennsylvania State University, Tsinghua University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Vanderbilt University, LSU, UNIRIB, U. Tenn., ORNL, Miss. St., University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory, NCA\&T, Duke, NCCU, UNC-Chapel Hill, Department of Physics, North Carolina State University, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hil, North Carolina School of Science and Mathematics, Department of Physics, Elon University, Dept. of Physics - UNC - Chapel Hill, Nanyang Technological University, School of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Singapore, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3255, USA, Argonne National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Hampton University, Hampton, VA 23668, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon, 305-600, South Korea, Department of Chemistry, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, South Korea, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, Daejeon, 305-700, South Korea, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA 01609

  • Jaetae Seo

    NC A\&T State University, Penn State University, The Ohio State University, Wright State University, AFRL/RYHC Hanscom AFB MA 01731, Harvard University, The College of William \& Mary, NCSU Near-field Optics Lab, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Weizmann, PTB, Braunschweig, UMass, TUNL/Duke, UConn, UConn/TUNL, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina State University, Brimrose Corporation of America, Hampton University, Elizabeth City State University, Department of Physics, Florida A\&M University, Tallahassee, Florida-32307, Department of Physics, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh, Department of Physics, University of Rajshahi, Rajshah-6205, Bangladesh, Department of Physics, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6250, Bangladesh, Department of Physics, University of Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh, Alabama A\&M University, Fachbereich C-Mathematik und Naturwissen-Schaften, Bergische Universitat Wuppertal, D-42097, Wuppertal, Germany, NC State University, College of William and Mary, Department of Physics, N.C. State Univeristy, Research Triangle Institute, NCSU Physics, Pennsylvania State University, Tsinghua University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Vanderbilt University, LSU, UNIRIB, U. Tenn., ORNL, Miss. St., University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory, NCA\&T, Duke, NCCU, UNC-Chapel Hill, Department of Physics, North Carolina State University, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hil, North Carolina School of Science and Mathematics, Department of Physics, Elon University, Dept. of Physics - UNC - Chapel Hill, Nanyang Technological University, School of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Singapore, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3255, USA, Argonne National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Hampton University, Hampton, VA 23668, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon, 305-600, South Korea, Department of Chemistry, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, South Korea, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, Daejeon, 305-700, South Korea, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA 01609

  • Jaetae Seo

    NC A\&T State University, Penn State University, The Ohio State University, Wright State University, AFRL/RYHC Hanscom AFB MA 01731, Harvard University, The College of William \& Mary, NCSU Near-field Optics Lab, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Weizmann, PTB, Braunschweig, UMass, TUNL/Duke, UConn, UConn/TUNL, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina State University, Brimrose Corporation of America, Hampton University, Elizabeth City State University, Department of Physics, Florida A\&M University, Tallahassee, Florida-32307, Department of Physics, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh, Department of Physics, University of Rajshahi, Rajshah-6205, Bangladesh, Department of Physics, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6250, Bangladesh, Department of Physics, University of Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh, Alabama A\&M University, Fachbereich C-Mathematik und Naturwissen-Schaften, Bergische Universitat Wuppertal, D-42097, Wuppertal, Germany, NC State University, College of William and Mary, Department of Physics, N.C. State Univeristy, Research Triangle Institute, NCSU Physics, Pennsylvania State University, Tsinghua University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Vanderbilt University, LSU, UNIRIB, U. Tenn., ORNL, Miss. St., University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory, NCA\&T, Duke, NCCU, UNC-Chapel Hill, Department of Physics, North Carolina State University, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hil, North Carolina School of Science and Mathematics, Department of Physics, Elon University, Dept. of Physics - UNC - Chapel Hill, Nanyang Technological University, School of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Singapore, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3255, USA, Argonne National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Hampton University, Hampton, VA 23668, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon, 305-600, South Korea, Department of Chemistry, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, South Korea, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, Daejeon, 305-700, South Korea, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA 01609

  • Jaetae Seo

    NC A\&T State University, Penn State University, The Ohio State University, Wright State University, AFRL/RYHC Hanscom AFB MA 01731, Harvard University, The College of William \& Mary, NCSU Near-field Optics Lab, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Weizmann, PTB, Braunschweig, UMass, TUNL/Duke, UConn, UConn/TUNL, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina State University, Brimrose Corporation of America, Hampton University, Elizabeth City State University, Department of Physics, Florida A\&M University, Tallahassee, Florida-32307, Department of Physics, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh, Department of Physics, University of Rajshahi, Rajshah-6205, Bangladesh, Department of Physics, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6250, Bangladesh, Department of Physics, University of Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh, Alabama A\&M University, Fachbereich C-Mathematik und Naturwissen-Schaften, Bergische Universitat Wuppertal, D-42097, Wuppertal, Germany, NC State University, College of William and Mary, Department of Physics, N.C. State Univeristy, Research Triangle Institute, NCSU Physics, Pennsylvania State University, Tsinghua University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Vanderbilt University, LSU, UNIRIB, U. Tenn., ORNL, Miss. St., University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory, NCA\&T, Duke, NCCU, UNC-Chapel Hill, Department of Physics, North Carolina State University, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hil, North Carolina School of Science and Mathematics, Department of Physics, Elon University, Dept. of Physics - UNC - Chapel Hill, Nanyang Technological University, School of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Singapore, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3255, USA, Argonne National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Hampton University, Hampton, VA 23668, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon, 305-600, South Korea, Department of Chemistry, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, South Korea, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, Daejeon, 305-700, South Korea, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA 01609

  • Jaetae Seo

    NC A\&T State University, Penn State University, The Ohio State University, Wright State University, AFRL/RYHC Hanscom AFB MA 01731, Harvard University, The College of William \& Mary, NCSU Near-field Optics Lab, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Weizmann, PTB, Braunschweig, UMass, TUNL/Duke, UConn, UConn/TUNL, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina State University, Brimrose Corporation of America, Hampton University, Elizabeth City State University, Department of Physics, Florida A\&M University, Tallahassee, Florida-32307, Department of Physics, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh, Department of Physics, University of Rajshahi, Rajshah-6205, Bangladesh, Department of Physics, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6250, Bangladesh, Department of Physics, University of Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh, Alabama A\&M University, Fachbereich C-Mathematik und Naturwissen-Schaften, Bergische Universitat Wuppertal, D-42097, Wuppertal, Germany, NC State University, College of William and Mary, Department of Physics, N.C. State Univeristy, Research Triangle Institute, NCSU Physics, Pennsylvania State University, Tsinghua University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Vanderbilt University, LSU, UNIRIB, U. Tenn., ORNL, Miss. St., University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory, NCA\&T, Duke, NCCU, UNC-Chapel Hill, Department of Physics, North Carolina State University, Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hil, North Carolina School of Science and Mathematics, Department of Physics, Elon University, Dept. of Physics - UNC - Chapel Hill, Nanyang Technological University, School of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Singapore, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3255, USA, Argonne National Laboratory, Department of Physics, Hampton University, Hampton, VA 23668, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon, 305-600, South Korea, Department of Chemistry, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, South Korea, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, Daejeon, 305-700, South Korea, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA 01609