Physical Model of Low Velocity Detonation in Plasticized HMX.

ORAL

Abstract

Phenomenon of low velocity detonation (LVD) is known many years, but its physical mechanism has not been understood in details, yet. A physical model of LVD is presented in the given report. The main idea of the model is that LVD in dense plasticized explosives may take place only when due to the lateral unloading the pressure at the leading shock front is reduced as compared to that at normal detonation (ND). As a result, the chemical reaction rate and, hence, the energy released between the leading shock front and the sound surface must be lesser as compared to that at ND. But, from other side, this may be enough to sustain the stationary regime of the LVD propagation. The model has been implemented in 2-D hydrocode and verified by means of computer modeling of the experiments (Leuret e.a., 1998) where LVD was observed in plasticized HMX. The results of our calculations supports the suggestion that LVD wave in plasticized HMX is a complex of the leading shock wave having pressure near 1 GPa and the compression wave following the front. Stationary propagation of such structure is possible only when some specific combination of the energy release rate and the lateral unloading intensity takes place.

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Authors

  • Konstantin Grebenkin

    VNIITF

  • A. Rajendran

    DE Division, LANL, Chemistry Division, LANL, University of Cambridge, Sandia National Laboratories, Los Alamos National Laboratory, LLNL, UCSD, Institute of Fluid Physics, CAEP, Institute for High Energy Densities, JIHT RAS, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, DRDC Suffield, Lockheed Martin Corporation, Laboratoire de Combustion et de D\'etonique (UPR du CNRS n9028), ENSMA, B.P. 40109, 86961 Futuroscope Cedex, France, Wash. State Univ., McGill University, Naval Surface Warfare Center, Dahlgren, Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL/MNME), Harvard University, Fraunhofer, Ernst-Mach-Institut, Materials and Structures Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, CEA Valduc, LMPM, ENSMA Poitiers, France, LCD, ENSMA Poitiers, France, Applied Research Associates, Seismological Laboratory MS 252-21, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, Department of Geological Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912-1846, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Energetic Materials Technology, NSWC Indian Head, AWE, UK, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Materials Science and Technology Division, Seoul National University, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany, University of Lund, Sweden, University of Oxford, UK, AWE, Aldermaston, UK, LANL, IHED of JIHT RAS, Dorodnicyn Computing Center RAS, Laboratory for Shock Wave and Detonation Physics Research, Institute of Fluid Physics, Chinese Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, Materials Science and Engineering, OSU, Columbus, OH, RFNC - VNIIEF, Sarov, Russia, School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, Applied Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, University of Manchester, AWE, Aldermaston, HCEI, Russian Federal Nuclear Center - VNIIEF, Laboratory for Shock Wave and Detonation Physics Research, Institute of Fluid Physics, P.O.Box 919-102, Mianyang 621900, P. R. China, College of Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China, Cranfield University, UK, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics RAS, Agency for Defense Development, P.O. Box 35-5, Yuseong, Daejeon, 305-600, Korea, CEA-DAM Ile de France, BP12, 91680 Bruyeres-le-Chatel, US Army Research Laboratory, IHDIV, Naval Surface Warfare Center, HP-CAT, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, HiPSEC, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Pyramid St, Livermore, CA, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, PCS, Cavendish Laboratory, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK., Universitat Greifswald, Germany, Universitat zu Kiel, Germany, JIHT RAS, Moscow, Russia, Polytechnics of Turin, University of Cassino, Laboratory for Shock Wave and Detonation Physics, Institute of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, Sichuan 621900, China, Kumamoto University, RFNC-VNIIEF, Sarov, Russia, Lawrence Livermore National Lab, CEA-DIF BP 12 91680 Bruyeres le Chatel, Atomic Weapons Establishment, UK, ARL, Aberdeen, Tohoku University, CEA/DAM Valduc, France, CEA/DAM Ile de France, IMP, RAS, Russia, RIM, NNGU, Russia, RFNC-VNIITF, Russia, Los Alamos National Lab, California Institute of Technology, Ben-Gurion University, Isreal, National Defense Academy of Japan, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute / SPring-8, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Japan, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550, Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics RAS, Chernogolovka, Russia, Prop. Div. Soreq NRC Yavne Israel, Electroptics Div. Soreq NRC Yavne Israel, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Marquette University, Wisconsin, USA, Dept. of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering and Materials Science Program, University of California, San Diego, Dept. of Structural Engineering, University of California, San Diego, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Laboratory for Shock Wave and Detonation Physics Research, Institute of Fluid Physics, P. O. Box 919-102, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianya, AECL, CA, University of Cambridge, UK, Wilber Wright College, Shanghai Institute of Laser Plasma, Inst. Probl. Chem. Phys. RAS, Mechanics and Materials Science Research Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, P. R. China, RAFAEL, P.O. Box 2250, Haifa, Israel, University of Science and Technology of China, CEA Valduc, France, Defence Science \& Technology Laboratory, Institute of High Performance Computing, Singapore, Arizona State University, CEA Ile de France, France, LMT, ENS Cachan, France, CEA Le Ripault, France, Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Kansei-Fukushi Laboratory, Tohoku Fukushi University, AFRL/MNME Eglin AFB, University of Florida, NAWC-China Lake, Naval Postgraduate School, MIT, Indian Head Division, NSWC, U.S. Army Research Office

  • A. Rajendran

    DE Division, LANL, Chemistry Division, LANL, University of Cambridge, Sandia National Laboratories, Los Alamos National Laboratory, LLNL, UCSD, Institute of Fluid Physics, CAEP, Institute for High Energy Densities, JIHT RAS, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, DRDC Suffield, Lockheed Martin Corporation, Laboratoire de Combustion et de D\'etonique (UPR du CNRS n9028), ENSMA, B.P. 40109, 86961 Futuroscope Cedex, France, Wash. State Univ., McGill University, Naval Surface Warfare Center, Dahlgren, Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL/MNME), Harvard University, Fraunhofer, Ernst-Mach-Institut, Materials and Structures Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, CEA Valduc, LMPM, ENSMA Poitiers, France, LCD, ENSMA Poitiers, France, Applied Research Associates, Seismological Laboratory MS 252-21, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, Department of Geological Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912-1846, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Energetic Materials Technology, NSWC Indian Head, AWE, UK, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Materials Science and Technology Division, Seoul National University, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany, University of Lund, Sweden, University of Oxford, UK, AWE, Aldermaston, UK, LANL, IHED of JIHT RAS, Dorodnicyn Computing Center RAS, Laboratory for Shock Wave and Detonation Physics Research, Institute of Fluid Physics, Chinese Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, Materials Science and Engineering, OSU, Columbus, OH, RFNC - VNIIEF, Sarov, Russia, School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, Applied Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, University of Manchester, AWE, Aldermaston, HCEI, Russian Federal Nuclear Center - VNIIEF, Laboratory for Shock Wave and Detonation Physics Research, Institute of Fluid Physics, P.O.Box 919-102, Mianyang 621900, P. R. China, College of Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China, Cranfield University, UK, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics RAS, Agency for Defense Development, P.O. Box 35-5, Yuseong, Daejeon, 305-600, Korea, CEA-DAM Ile de France, BP12, 91680 Bruyeres-le-Chatel, US Army Research Laboratory, IHDIV, Naval Surface Warfare Center, HP-CAT, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, HiPSEC, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Pyramid St, Livermore, CA, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, PCS, Cavendish Laboratory, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK., Universitat Greifswald, Germany, Universitat zu Kiel, Germany, JIHT RAS, Moscow, Russia, Polytechnics of Turin, University of Cassino, Laboratory for Shock Wave and Detonation Physics, Institute of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, Sichuan 621900, China, Kumamoto University, RFNC-VNIIEF, Sarov, Russia, Lawrence Livermore National Lab, CEA-DIF BP 12 91680 Bruyeres le Chatel, Atomic Weapons Establishment, UK, ARL, Aberdeen, Tohoku University, CEA/DAM Valduc, France, CEA/DAM Ile de France, IMP, RAS, Russia, RIM, NNGU, Russia, RFNC-VNIITF, Russia, Los Alamos National Lab, California Institute of Technology, Ben-Gurion University, Isreal, National Defense Academy of Japan, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute / SPring-8, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Japan, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550, Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics RAS, Chernogolovka, Russia, Prop. Div. Soreq NRC Yavne Israel, Electroptics Div. Soreq NRC Yavne Israel, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Marquette University, Wisconsin, USA, Dept. of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering and Materials Science Program, University of California, San Diego, Dept. of Structural Engineering, University of California, San Diego, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Laboratory for Shock Wave and Detonation Physics Research, Institute of Fluid Physics, P. O. Box 919-102, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianya, AECL, CA, University of Cambridge, UK, Wilber Wright College, Shanghai Institute of Laser Plasma, Inst. Probl. Chem. Phys. RAS, Mechanics and Materials Science Research Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, P. R. China, RAFAEL, P.O. Box 2250, Haifa, Israel, University of Science and Technology of China, CEA Valduc, France, Defence Science \& Technology Laboratory, Institute of High Performance Computing, Singapore, Arizona State University, CEA Ile de France, France, LMT, ENS Cachan, France, CEA Le Ripault, France, Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Kansei-Fukushi Laboratory, Tohoku Fukushi University, AFRL/MNME Eglin AFB, University of Florida, NAWC-China Lake, Naval Postgraduate School, MIT, Indian Head Division, NSWC, U.S. Army Research Office

  • A. Rajendran

    DE Division, LANL, Chemistry Division, LANL, University of Cambridge, Sandia National Laboratories, Los Alamos National Laboratory, LLNL, UCSD, Institute of Fluid Physics, CAEP, Institute for High Energy Densities, JIHT RAS, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, DRDC Suffield, Lockheed Martin Corporation, Laboratoire de Combustion et de D\'etonique (UPR du CNRS n9028), ENSMA, B.P. 40109, 86961 Futuroscope Cedex, France, Wash. State Univ., McGill University, Naval Surface Warfare Center, Dahlgren, Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL/MNME), Harvard University, Fraunhofer, Ernst-Mach-Institut, Materials and Structures Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, CEA Valduc, LMPM, ENSMA Poitiers, France, LCD, ENSMA Poitiers, France, Applied Research Associates, Seismological Laboratory MS 252-21, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, Department of Geological Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912-1846, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Energetic Materials Technology, NSWC Indian Head, AWE, UK, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Materials Science and Technology Division, Seoul National University, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany, University of Lund, Sweden, University of Oxford, UK, AWE, Aldermaston, UK, LANL, IHED of JIHT RAS, Dorodnicyn Computing Center RAS, Laboratory for Shock Wave and Detonation Physics Research, Institute of Fluid Physics, Chinese Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, Materials Science and Engineering, OSU, Columbus, OH, RFNC - VNIIEF, Sarov, Russia, School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, Applied Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, University of Manchester, AWE, Aldermaston, HCEI, Russian Federal Nuclear Center - VNIIEF, Laboratory for Shock Wave and Detonation Physics Research, Institute of Fluid Physics, P.O.Box 919-102, Mianyang 621900, P. R. China, College of Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China, Cranfield University, UK, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics RAS, Agency for Defense Development, P.O. Box 35-5, Yuseong, Daejeon, 305-600, Korea, CEA-DAM Ile de France, BP12, 91680 Bruyeres-le-Chatel, US Army Research Laboratory, IHDIV, Naval Surface Warfare Center, HP-CAT, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, HiPSEC, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Pyramid St, Livermore, CA, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, PCS, Cavendish Laboratory, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK., Universitat Greifswald, Germany, Universitat zu Kiel, Germany, JIHT RAS, Moscow, Russia, Polytechnics of Turin, University of Cassino, Laboratory for Shock Wave and Detonation Physics, Institute of Fluid Physics, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, Sichuan 621900, China, Kumamoto University, RFNC-VNIIEF, Sarov, Russia, Lawrence Livermore National Lab, CEA-DIF BP 12 91680 Bruyeres le Chatel, Atomic Weapons Establishment, UK, ARL, Aberdeen, Tohoku University, CEA/DAM Valduc, France, CEA/DAM Ile de France, IMP, RAS, Russia, RIM, NNGU, Russia, RFNC-VNIITF, Russia, Los Alamos National Lab, California Institute of Technology, Ben-Gurion University, Isreal, National Defense Academy of Japan, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute / SPring-8, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Japan, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, CA 94550, Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics RAS, Chernogolovka, Russia, Prop. Div. Soreq NRC Yavne Israel, Electroptics Div. Soreq NRC Yavne Israel, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Marquette University, Wisconsin, USA, Dept. of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering and Materials Science Program, University of California, San Diego, Dept. of Structural Engineering, University of California, San Diego, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Laboratory for Shock Wave and Detonation Physics Research, Institute of Fluid Physics, P. O. Box 919-102, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianya, AECL, CA, University of Cambridge, UK, Wilber Wright College, Shanghai Institute of Laser Plasma, Inst. Probl. Chem. Phys. RAS, Mechanics and Materials Science Research Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, P. R. China, RAFAEL, P.O. Box 2250, Haifa, Israel, University of Science and Technology of China, CEA Valduc, France, Defence Science \& Technology Laboratory, Institute of High Performance Computing, Singapore, Arizona State University, CEA Ile de France, France, LMT, ENS Cachan, France, CEA Le Ripault, France, Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Kansei-Fukushi Laboratory, Tohoku Fukushi University, AFRL/MNME Eglin AFB, University of Florida, NAWC-China Lake, Naval Postgraduate School, MIT, Indian Head Division, NSWC, U.S. Army Research Office