Efficient preparation of large Fock states over 100 photons

The preparation of large Fock states is crucial in quantum information, quantum computing, and quantum optics. Large Fock states not only enhance information encoding capabilities, but also facilitate complex quantum algorithms and error correction. They are also essential for exploring non-classical properties of light, such as quantum interference and entanglement. However, the generation of Fock states has long been a difficult task and the photon numbers are limited to the range of tens. In this work, we experimentally demonstrate a new scheme that significantly compresses the photon number distribution in Fock space and realize Fock states containing over 100 photons with significantly increased population in a superconducting cavity-QED system. This research sets a new record for Fock state preparation, expanding the potential of quantum resources and paving a clear way towards Fock states with large photon numbers.