Vertical morphing of edge state in GT-symmetric hetero-structure

A non-Hermitian system possessing Glide-Time reversal (GT) symmetry demonstrates novel topological phenomena without counterparts in conventional Parity-Time (PT) symmetric systems. GT symmetry permits mutually perpendicular non-Hermitian skin effects (NHSE), in which the skin modes propagate horizontally, while non-reciprocal hopping occurs vertically. In this study of GT symmetric hetero-structure, we demonstrate the morphing of edge states from the Hermitian segment of a hetero-structure to the non-Hermitian segment, characterized by vertical non-reciprocity. This phenomenon has been validated in topolectrical (TE) circuits setup by standard circuit simulations, where non-reciprocity is achieved through negative impedance conversion with current inversion (INIC). Given that edge states are directly linked to circuit impedance, this edge state morphing holds potentials for applications in efficient sensing and signal manipulation within circuit systems. Furthermore, this phenomenon enables a broad range of topological applications across fields such as photonics, acoustics, and quantum materials.