Dominance of Wigner's Symmetry in Nuclear Interaction and Structure

Wigner's Supermultiplet Symmetry, also known as U(4) Symmetry, is a notion that the nuclear force is equivalent between protons and neutrons, independent of their respective spins. Such a spin-isospin symmetry is not a fundamental symmetry of the Standard Model and is slightly broken due to presence of Coulomb, spin-orbit and tensor forces. However, this hidden symmetry exposes itself as an exact symmetry in the large-N limit of quantum chromodynamics. In this talk, we report some recent findings regarding Wigner's symmetry of multiple high-fidelity interactions derived from chiral effective field theory (EFT) revealed by the Symmetry Adapted Model (SAM). SAM is a shell model that explicitly encodes the spatial U(3) and spin-isospin U(4) symmetries to represent nuclear configurations. Hence, it allows one to probe the finest details of Wigner's symmetry for both nuclear interaction and structure. By statistically analyzing tensor characters, we observe that all EFT interactions exhibit a dominant U(4) invariance. Furthermore, this feature is seen to propagate to structure of light atomic nuclei as well.