Tunable Coulomb and Electric Dipole-Dipole Interactions in Metal/Dielectric Heterostructures

We report a theoretical framework for tailoring the range and strength of long-range electromagnetic interactions in planar heterostructures using conducting 2D interfaces. We formulate the problem in terms of a field-theoretical Green function that incorporates realistic, wavevector- and frequency-dependent interface response. In the static limit, the resulting scalar propagator re-sums to a rapidly convergent lattice form and reveals an interaction envelope that crosses over from free-space long-range behavior to an exponentially decaying regime set by spacer thickness. Building on this approach, we obtain compact analytical expressions for the Coulomb and electric dipole–dipole interactions that separate universal geometric factors from materials parameters. We will present the framework and implications for reconfigurable quantum and photonic devices.