Neighborhood scale greenhouse gas and heat emissions in the Southwest Integrated Field Laboratory experiment.

Accurate estimation of greenhouse gas and anthropogenic heat emissions are increasingly important for decisionmakers at sub-national scales where both the impacts and preventative measures are most acutely felt and mitigated. As part of the Southwest Integrated Urban Field Laboratory (SWIFL), one of four large multi-institutional research efforts awarded by the Department of Energy, the SWIFL project was focused on modeling, observing, and linking extreme heat, air quality, and greenhouse gas emissions to practical decision-making and resilient solution engagement with three of the largest cities in the state of Arizona. As a consequence of changing priorities at the Federal scale, the funding support for this and all the IFL experiments was cut slightly over midway through the five years of funded research. I will share the outcomes achieved in the abridged research timeline, focusing on our efforts to better quantify and understand both greenhouse gas emissions and anthropogenic heat production at extremely fine space and time scales for the cities of Phoenix, Tucson, and Flagstaff Arizona. The research shows a surprisingly large amount of heat from the onroad sector driven by the rapidly expanding vehicle miles traveled in these growing Southwest cities. The growth pattern in the Phoenix urban area in particular shows traditional emission results from urban sprawl and associated extensivity. Finally, I will present new AI-enabled sensing of onroad vehicular composition which relied on citizen science volunteers throughout the state of Arizona. This has implications for the accuracy of decades of vehicular modeling in the U.S.