Stabilization of Skyrmions via Curvature in Magnetic Möbius Bands with Perpendicular Anisotropy

3D magnetic nanostructures provide a unique platform to tailor the magnetic energy landscape, stabilizing configurations otherwise unfavorable in planar films[1,2]. To explore these effects, we have fabricated 10 μm-wide Möbius bands via two-photon polymerization and deposited a Co/Pd multilayer film with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) and Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction (DMI). Magnetic configurations were imaged using magnetic soft X-ray nanotomography at the MISTRAL beamline of the ALBA Synchrotron. In the demagnetized state, curvature-driven stabilization of more complex textures, including skyrmions, were found in the Möbius band. The size and density of these spin textures can be directly correlated with the local geometry. Notably, an increased skyrmion density was observed along the curved regions of the Möbius band, with higher density occurring in areas of larger curvature, where the skyrmions measure 100–200 nm in diameter. The full 3D reconstruction of the magnetization vector obtained from the tomograph is employed to elucidate how chirality evolves with the curvature. This work demonstrates how real-space curvature governs spin topology for designing next-generation spintronic devices.

[1] Fischer et. al., APL Mater. 8, 010701 (2020).

[2] Raftrey et al. ACS Nano 19, 31609 (2025).