Code concatenation on a neutral atom quantum processor realized with rubidium tweezer arrays

Neutral-atom arrays have emerged as one of the leading platforms for large-scale quantum computation and simulation. These systems offer qubit encodings with long coherence times, along with exceptional programmability and reconfigurability of the qubit geometry and connectivity in a quantum circuit. Raman transitions enable single qubit rotations with global and local control. In addition, Rydberg states create strong and coherent couplings between the qubits to engineer two- and multi-qubits gates.

We will discuss our progress with QuEra’s programmable gate-based quantum processor Gemini in realizing high fidelity single-qubit and two-qubit gates, and in encoding into logical qubits. In this context, code concatenation is a method of building larger quantum error-correction codes by layering levels of logical qubit encodings. Here, we created a [[7,1,3]] color code, where each of its physical qubits is further encoded using another [[7,1,3]] color code. This results in a [[49,1,9]] concatenated code and serves as a benchmark for quantum circuit performance.