Moiré Superconductivity with Spontaneous Vortex Lattice

Superconducting vortex lattices form in two-dimensional materials under external magnetic fields, with the number of vortices determined by the net magnetic flux piercing the sample. Here, we show that a moiré vortex lattice associated with a chiral f–if topological superconductor is spontaneously formed in the flat Chern bands of twisted bilayer heterostructures. In stark contrast to conventional vortex lattices induced by external magnetic fields, this moiré vortex lattice is driven by an internal emergent magnetic field generated by nontrivial layer-pseudospin skyrmion textures. Owing to the f–if pairing symmetry, the resulting vortex lattice hosts an unconventional topological flux pattern, where each vortex carries double vorticity.