Simulating signals of axion-like particles (ALP) by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)

The quest to identify dark matter remains one of the foremost challenges in modern physics, yet a definitive detection has so far proven elusive. While traditional searches have excluded large portions of parameter space, alternative strategies with heightened sensitivity to faint, small-scale signals are gaining increasing significance. Among these, pulsed nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) offers a promising avenue for directly probing axion-like particles (ALPs), whose oscillating effective magnetic field can exert a torque on nuclear spins. In this study, we use PULSEE (Program for the Simulation of Nuclear Spin Ensemble Evolution), an open-source Python framework developed by our group, to model NMR experiments that incorporate interactions with external ALPs. The resulting simulated signals display clear observables linked to the ALP's properties, consistent with analytical predictions. These findings suggest that NMR experiments conducted in low-temperature superfluids with nuclei of high gyromagnetic ratios could achieve exceptional sensitivity to external fields, presenting a compelling route toward detecting ALP dark matter.