Atomistic behaviors of barocaloric layered materials investigated with machine-learned force fields

ORAL

Abstract

Layered materials leveraging the order-disorder phase transition of hydrocarbon chains have been shown to exhibit significant barocaloric effects with promise for applications in thermal energy storage and conversion [1, 2]. The class of barocaloric layered materials is a vast landscape for materials design, but a complete understanding of how layer structure, composition, and hydrocarbon chain length influence the barocaloric effect is currently lacking.

In this talk, we demonstrate how molecular dynamics simulations powered by E(3)-equivariant machine learning can accurately realize a fully atomistic description of barocaloric effects in multiple classes of barocaloric layered materials. We use an efficient data curation protocol based on FLARE [3] active learning and use the scalable machine-learned force field Allegro [4] within the NequIP framework [5] to enable large-scale molecular dynamics simulations.

The simulations provide new insights to the entropically driven phase-change, and are validated against experimental data including quasi-elastic neutron scattering. The methods employed here move towards enabling the rational design of new and more performant materials for thermal energy management.

[1] J. Seo et al. Colossal barocaloric effects with ultralow hysteresis in two-dimensional metal–halide perovskites. Nat. Commun. 13 2536 (2022).

[2] J. Seo et al. Barocaloric effects in dialkylammonium halide salts. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 146 2736 (2024).

[3] J. Vandermause et al. Active learning of reactive Bayesian force fields applied to heterogeneous catalysis dynamics of H/Pt. Nat. Commun. 13 5183 (2022).

[4] A. Musaelian et al. Learning local equivariant representations for large-scale atomistic dynamics. Nat. Commun. 14 579 (2023).

[5] C. W. Tan et al. High-performance training and inference for deep equivariant interatomic potentials. arXiv preprint arXiv:2504.16068 (2025).

Presenters

  • Marc L Descoteaux

    • Harvard University

Authors

  • Marc L Descoteaux

    • Harvard University
  • Faith Chen

    • Harvard University
  • Malia Wenny

    • National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
  • Daniel Laorenza

    • Harvard University
  • Craig M Brown

    • National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
  • Jarad A Mason

    • Harvard University
  • Boris Kozinsky

    • Harvard University
    • Harvard University, Robert Bosch Research and Technology Center