Magnetic Field-Enhanced Graphene Superconductivity with Record Pauli-Limit Violation

ORAL

Abstract

Spin-polarized superconductors offer a rare platform for studying electronic correlations and potentially host non-Abelian quasi-particles, but few candidate systems have been experimentally confirmed to date. Here, we report the observation of a spin-polarized superconducting state, denoted SC5, in WSe2-proximitized rhombohedral trilayer graphene. At in-plane magnetic field B|| = 0 T, SC5 has a critical temperature of 68 mK and an out-of-plane critical magnetic field of only 12 mT. Surprisingly, these values are significantly enhanced as B|| increases, and the superconductivity persists to B|| = 8.8 T. This value corresponds to a record-high Pauli-limit violation ratio (PVR) of at least 80 among all superconductors, while the true critical field is beyond the limit of our instrument. We conclude that SC5 experiences a canting crossover from Ising-type to spin-polarized superconductor with increased B||.

*The device fabrication and transport measurements at MIT are supported by the Nano & Material Technology Development Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT (RS-2024-004447252), and the MIT Portugal Program. T.H. acknowledge a Mathworks Fellowship. The device fabrication for this work was carried out at the Harvard Center for Nanoscale Systems and MIT.nano. The National High Magnetic Field Laboratory (MagLab) is supported by the National Science Foundation through NSF/DMR-2128556 and by the State of Florida. Work in University of Basel was supported by the EU's H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions (MSCA) Cofund Quantum Science and Technologies at the European Campus (QUSTEC) grant no. 847471, the Swiss National Science Foundation (grant no. 215757), the Georg H. Endress Foundation, the WSS Research Center for Molecular Quantum Systems (molQ) of the Werner Siemens Foundation and the UpQuantVal InterReg. K.W. and T.T. acknowledge support from the JSPS KAKENHI (Grant Numbers 21H05233 and 23H02052), the CREST (JPMJCR24A5), JST and World Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI), MEXT, Japan. C.Y. and F.Z. (UT Dallas) were supported by the NSF under grants DMR-2414726, DMR-1945351, and DMR-2324033 and by the Welch Foundation under grant AT-2264-20250403. C.Y. and F.Z. acknowledge the Texas Advanced Computing Center (TACC) for providing supercomputing resources.

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Publication: arXiv:2510.10873

Presenters

  • Jixiang Yang

    • Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Authors

  • Jixiang Yang

    • Massachusetts Institute of Technology

  • Omid S Sedeh

    • University of Basel

  • Chiho Yoon

    • University of Texas at Dallas

  • Shenyong Ye

    • Massachusetts Institute of Technology

  • Henok Weldeyesus

    • University of Basel

  • Armel A Cotten

    • University of Basel

  • Tonghang Han

    • Massachusetts Institute of Technology

  • Zhengguang Lu

    • Massachusetts Institute of Technology

  • Zach J Hadjri

    • Massachusetts Institute of Technology

  • Junseok Seo

    • Massachusetts Institute of Technology

  • Lihan Shi

    • Massachusetts Insitute of Technology

  • Emily Aitken

    • Massachusetts Institute of Technology

  • Prayoga P Liong

    • Boston University
    • Massachusetts Institute of Technology

  • Zhenghan Wu

    • Massachusetts Institute of Technology

  • Mingchi Xu

    • University of Basel

  • Christian P Scheller

    • University of Basel

  • Mingyang Zheng

    • University of Florida

  • Rasul Gazizulin

    • University of Florida

  • Dominique Laroche

    • University of Florida

  • Mingda Li

    • Massachusetts Institute of Technology

  • Fan Zhang

    • University of Texas at Dallas

  • Dominik M Zumbuhl

    • University of Basel

  • Long Ju

    • Massachusetts Institute of Technology
    • MIT