Disorder-Assisted Adiabaticity in Interaction Pulses

We investigate how disorder affects adiabaticity for an interaction "pulse" on an isolated many-particle system whereby the interaction is changed from zero to a maximum value and then back to zero following a given time profile. We find that, independently of the disorder strength and pulse shapes (rectangular, triangular, and Gaussian), the pulse duration is negatively correlated with the change in total energy in the system. That is, the longer duration reduces the change in total energy for each protocol. Across different considered pulse shapes, we find a robust negative correlation between disorder strength and the change in total energy across the interaction pulse. Namely, increasing the disorder strength systematically suppresses across the interaction pulse, indicating a more adiabatic response. These two effects, disorder-induced and duration-induced adiabaticity, are consistently observed across all three pulse shapes. Among the protocols, the triangular pulse yields the smallest change in total energy in the system over comparable conditions, demonstrating the most adiabatic response. In addition to the energy analysis, we also examine how disorder affects the effective temperature change during the pulse process, aiming to establish a quantitative relation between disorder and the thermal response. Taken together, our results identify disorder, pulse duration, and pulse shape as key factors governing both energy and temperature evolution during interaction modulation.