Remorphable Architectures: Reprogramming Global Bistability via Locally Bistable Metamaterials

Bistability allows a system to switch reversibly between two stable states via snapping, and is classified as global (for macroscopic shape change) or local (for internal reconfiguration). Typically, both forms are implemented separately in metamaterials, missing out on potential interactions. This work integrates local bistability into a global structure for reprogrammable behavior. By activating local cells into a self-contact state, specific hinge combinations are encoded, thereby modifying overall movement, required force, and the energy barrier. Dissimilar hinge patterns enable diverse functions, such as multi-target actuation, configurational switch between multistable and monostable states, and shape-shifting domes. This local-global interaction can inform the design of adaptive robots and space structures that change morphing modes by flipping local states.