Investigating the robustness of quantum simulations of driven-dissipative systems

Driven-dissipative systems have attracted much attention in the field of condensed matter physics, as they establish a close connection to experiments and can also exhibit novel physical behavior. In general, these models do not have analytical solutions and, therefore, require numerical simulations that cannot be scaled up due to hardware limitations. Hence, quantum computers rise as a natural platform for studying these systems. The major drawback of current quantum computing simulations is the substantial hardware noise, which can completely efface the oscillatory behavior of dynamics simulations. Recently, however, it has been shown that a simple driven-dissipative model can be successfully simulated in current quantum hardware while sustaining its dynamical properties to unprecedented simulation times [1]. Inspired by these results, we investigate what are the effects of noise channels in the dynamics of driven-dissipative systems. In particular, we determine the superoperator that describes the underlying master equation and calculate its eigenpairs, which give the long-time behavior of the system. We observe how these eigenpairs change as we introduce different noise channels. By looking at different driven-dissipative models and noise channels, we identify the necessary conditions for resilience against hardware noise.

[1] B. Rost, L. Del Re, N. Earnest, A. F. Kemper, B. Jones, and J. K. Freericks, npj Quantum Information 11, 10 (2025)